ArticlePloS one2013
Inflammation markers in multiple sclerosis: CXCL16 reflects and may also predict disease activity.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary interventions for multiple sclerosis-related outcomes.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- RANK/RANKL/OPG Signaling in the Brain: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation and systemic inflammation in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2015Trial
- Inflammatory, clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with depressive disorder during pregnancy in Brazilian women.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Chemokines as therapeutic targets for multiple sclerosis: a spatial and chronological perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Exploring the Role of Chemokine-Related Gene Deregulation and Immune Infiltration in Ischemic Stroke: Insights into CXCL16 and SEMA3E as Potential Biomarkers.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2024Article
- Can Vitamin D Reduce Inflammation? The Influence of Supplementation on Selected Immunological Markers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Profiling of microglia nodules in multiple sclerosis reveals propensity for lesion formation.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Single-Cell Sequencing Combined with Transcriptome Sequencing Constructs a Predictive Model of Key Genes in Multiple Sclerosis and Explores Molecular Mechanisms Related to Cellular Communication.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Article
- Pathogenic T Cells in Celiac Disease Change Phenotype on Gluten Challenge: Implications for T-Cell-Directed Therapies.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2021Article
- Targeting Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.Journal of inflammation research · 2020Review
- CD11cFrontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- A multi-biomarker follow-up study of patients with multiple sclerosis.Brain and behavior · 2016Article
- Transcriptome sequencing of neurologic diseases associated genes in HHV-6A infected human astrocyte.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Transcript analysis of laser capture microdissected white matter astrocytes and higher phenol sulfotransferase 1A1 expression during autoimmune neuroinflammation.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2015Article
- Host genetic variants and gene expression patterns associated with Epstein-Barr virus copy number in lymphoblastoid cell lines.PloS one · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 10 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSerum markers of inflammation are candidate biomarkers in multiple sclerosis (MS). ω-3 fatty acids are suggested to have anti-inflammatory properties that might be beneficial in MS. We aimed to explore the relationship between serum levels of inflammation markers and MRI activity in patients with relapsing remitting MS, as well as the effect of ω-3 fatty acids on these markers.
methodsWe performed a prospective cohort study in 85 relapsing remitting MS patients who participated in a randomized clinical trial of ω-3 fatty acids versus placebo (the OFAMS study). During a period of 24 months 12 repeated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and nine serum samples were obtained. We measured 10 inflammation markers, including general down-stream markers of inflammation, specific markers of up-stream inflammatory pathways, endothelial action, and matrix regulation.
resultsAfter Bonferroni correction, increasing serum levels of CXCL16 and osteoprotegerin were associated with low odds ratio for simultaneous MRI activity, whereas a positive association was observed for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 9. CXCL16 were also associated with low MRI activity the next month, but this was not significant after Bonferroni correction. In agreement with previously reported MRI and clinical results, ω-3 fatty acid treatment did not induce any change in the inflammation markers.
conclusionsSerum levels of CXCL16, MMP-9, and osteoprotegerin reflect disease activity in MS, but are not affected by ω-3 fatty acid treatment. CXCL16 could be a novel biomarker and potential predictor of disease activity in MS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.