ArticleNeurology2013
Unrecognized vitamin D3 deficiency is common in Parkinson disease: Harvard Biomarker Study.
Article in Neurology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 131 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Association Between Vitamin D Status, Vitamin D Supplementation, Sunlight Exposure, and Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2019Pooled it
- Associations between Vitamin D Status, Supplementation, Outdoor Work and Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Meta-Analysis Assessment.Nutrients · 2015Pooled it
- Vitamin D status and Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2014Pooled it
- Impact of vitamin D3 supplementation on motor functionality and the immune response in Parkinson's disease patients with vitamin D deficiency.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Vitamin D supplementation has no effects on progression of motor dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).European journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Trial
- Multi-locus genetic dosage shapes cognitive disease progression in Parkinson's patients: 15-year meta-analysis of 24 cohorts.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- North-South asymmetry of Parkinson's disease mortality in Brazil between 2009 and 2023: a spatial analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Vitamin D-Mediated Immunoregulation in Degenerative Diseases: Insights into Cardiovascular, Neurodegenerative and Musculoskeletal Disorders.Nutrients · 2026Review
- RNA networks of lysosomal-related biomarkers in Parkinson's disease and their correlations with freezing of gait-associated genes.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Article
- The Role of Vitamin D in Parkinson's Disease: Evidence from Serum Concentrations, Supplementation, andNeuroSci · 2025Review
- Orthopedic manifestations, complications, and outcomes for arthroplasty in patients with Parkinson disease.Bulletin of the Hospital for Joint Disease (2013) · 2025Review
- Levodopa-Carbidopa-Entacapone Intestinal Gel for Advanced Parkinson's Disease-Results from a Monocentric Study Evaluating Both Motor and Non-Motor Manifestations.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Multi-omics machine learning classifier and blood transcriptomic signature of Parkinson's disease.Research square · 2025Article
- Optimization of Parkinson's disease therapy with plant extracts and nutrition's evolving roles.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2024Review
- Transcriptional pathobiology and multi-omics predictors for Parkinson's disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Correlation between 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and Parkinson's disease.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2024Article
- VDR and deubiquitination control neuronal oxidative stress and microglial inflammation in Parkinson's disease.Cell death discovery · 2024Article
- Disease progression strikingly differs in research and real-world Parkinson's populations.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2024Article
- Discovering genetic mechanisms underlying the co-occurrence of Parkinson's disease and non-motor traits.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2024Article
- Review
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
23 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo conclusively test for a specific association between the biological marker 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3, a transcriptionally active hormone produced in human skin and liver, and the prevalence and severity of Parkinson disease (PD).
methodsWe used liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry to establish an association specifically between deficiency of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 and PD in a cross-sectional and longitudinal case-control study of 388 patients (mean Hoehn and Yahr stage of 2.1 ± 0.6) and 283 control subjects free of neurologic disease nested in the Harvard Biomarker Study.
resultsPlasma levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 were associated with PD in both univariate and multivariate analyses with p values = 0.0034 and 0.047, respectively. Total 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels, the traditional composite measure of endogenous and exogenous vitamin D, were deficient in 17.6% of patients with PD compared with 9.3% of controls. Low 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 as well as total 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels were correlated with higher total Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale scores at baseline and during follow-up.
conclusionsOur study reveals an association between 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 and PD and suggests that thousands of patients with PD in North America alone may be vitamin D-deficient. This finding has immediate relevance for individual patients at risk of falls as well as public health, and warrants further investigation into the mechanism underlying this association.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.