Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24067437›Full record

ArticleKidney international2014

Age, kidney function, and risk factors associate differently with cortical and medullary volumes of the kidney.

Xiangling Wang, Terri J Vrtiska, Ramesh T Avula, Leah R Walters, Harini A Chakkera, Walter K Kremers, Lilach O Lerman, Andrew D Rule

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Kidney international, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04630132 (Renal Ageing-sarcopenia Network), which is not on this map. Cited by 102 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
102citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04630132 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2017, after this paper: background citation

Renal Ageing-sarcopenia Network: a Combined Genetic, Immunological and Psychological Approach to Dissect Frailty

TypeobservationalSponsorIRCCS San RaffaeleRan2017 to 2021Enrolled1,500ConditionsAging, Frailty, Hypertension, CKD
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

102 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 196 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Guideline
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Association of Histological Features of Cortical and Medullary Peritubular Capillaries With Progressive CKD.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Kidney function decline in working-age adults with cancer diagnosis: A study utilizing claims and health checkup data.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. The gut as a central hub for multi-organ crosstalk in aging.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. The boundaries of normal kidney tissue for biomedical research.Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension · 2025
    Review
  20. Article

42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Xiangling WangDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Terri J VrtiskaDepartment of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Ramesh T AvulaDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Leah R WaltersDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Harini A ChakkeraDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Walter K KremersBiomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Lilach O LermanDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Andrew D RuleDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Mayo Clinic · US

Funding

The macro- and micro- anatomy and pathology of the aging kidneyR01DK090358 · NIDDK · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI ANDREW David RULE · 2011 to 2026
$9.9M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK090358
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The kidney atrophies in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) but factors influencing kidney size in normal adults are less clear. To help define this, we measured kidney volumes on contrast-enhanced computed tomographic images from 1344 potential kidney donors (aged 18-75 years). Cortical volume per body surface area progressively declined in both genders with increased age. Statistically, this was primarily dependent on the age-related decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Independent predictors of increased cortical volume per body surface area were male gender, increased GFR, increased 24-h urine albumin, current smoker, and decreased high-density lipid cholesterol. Medullary volume per body surface area increased with age in men, while it increased with age in women until the age of 50 years followed by a subsequent decline. Independent predictors of increased medullary volume per body surface area were older age, male gender, increased GFR, increased 24-h urine albumin, increased serum glucose, and decreased serum uric acid. Thus, while cortical volume declines with age along the same biological pathway as the age-related decline in GFR, albuminuria and some risk factors are actually associated with increased cortical or medullary volume among relatively healthy adults. Underlying hypertrophy or atrophy of different nephron regions may explain these findings.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAge FactorsBody Surface AreaFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHumansKidney CortexKidney MedullaMaleMiddle AgedRenal Insufficiency, ChronicRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID24067437
PMCPMC3943620
OpenAlexW2092855426

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.