ArticleFrontiers in psychology2013
Grapheme-color synaesthesia is associated with a distinct cognitive style.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drawing as an efficient encoding tool in younger but not always older adults: The case of associative memory.Memory & cognition · 2025Article
- An Open Science MRI Database of over 100 Synaesthetic Brains and Accompanying Deep Phenotypic Information.Scientific data · 2023Article
- Language evolution: examining the link between cross-modality and aggression through the lens of disorders.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Article
- A single system account of enhanced recognition memory in synaesthesia.Memory & cognition · 2020Article
- Learning in colour: children with grapheme-colour synaesthesia show cognitive benefits in vocabulary and self-evaluated reading.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2019Article
- Creativity and involvement in art in different types of synaesthesia.British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953) · 2019Article
- How would you describe a familiar route or put in order the landmarks along it? It depends on your cognitive style!Experimental brain research · 2018Article
- New insights into mechanisms of enhanced synaesthetic memory: Benefits are synaesthesia-type-specific.PloS one · 2018Article
- Projectors, associators, visual imagery, and the time course of visual processing in grapheme-color synesthesia.Cognitive neuroscience · 2017Article
- One-shot Synesthesia.Translational neuroscience · 2017Article
- Are synesthetes exceptional beyond their synesthetic associations? A systematic comparison of creativity, personality, cognition, and mental imagery in synesthetes and controls.British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953) · 2016Article
- Different Dimensions of Cognitive Style in Typical and Atypical Cognition: New Evidence and a New Measurement Tool.PloS one · 2016Article
- Color synesthesia. Insight into perception, emotion, and consciousness.Current opinion in neurology · 2015Review
- Article
- Adults can be trained to acquire synesthetic experiences.Scientific reports · 2014Article
- Developmental aspects of synaesthesia across the adult lifespan.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2014Article
- Synesthesia: an introduction.Frontiers in psychology · 2014Article
- Acquiring synaesthesia: insights from training studies.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2014Review
- Not all synesthetes are alike: spatial vs. visual dimensions of sequence-space synesthesia.Frontiers in psychology · 2014Article
- Synesthesia and learning: a critical review and novel theory.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In this study we investigated whether synaesthesia is associated with a particular cognitive style. Cognitive style refers to preferred modes of information processing, such as a verbal style or a visual style. We reasoned that related to the enriched world of experiences created by synaesthesia, its association with enhanced verbal and visual memory, higher imagery and creativity, synaesthetes might show enhanced preference for a verbal as well as for a visual cognitive style compared to non-synaesthetes. In Study 1 we tested a large convenience sample of 1046 participants, who classified themselves as grapheme-color, sound-color, lexical-gustatory, sequence-space, or as non-synaesthetes. To assess cognitive style, we used the revised verbalizer-visualizer questionnaire (VVQ), which involves three independent cognitive style dimensions (verbal style, visual-spatial style, and vivid imagery style). The most important result was that those who reported grapheme-color synaesthesia showed higher ratings on the verbal and vivid imagery style dimensions, but not on the visual-spatial style dimension. In Study 2 we replicated this finding in a laboratory study involving 24 grapheme-color synaesthetes with objectively confirmed synaesthesia and a closely matched control group. Our results indicate that grapheme-color synaesthetes prefer both a verbal and a specific visual cognitive style. We suggest that this enhanced preference, probably together with the greater ease to switch between a verbal and a vivid visual imagery style, may be related to cognitive advantages associated with grapheme color synaesthesia such as enhanced memory performance and creativity.
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