ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2013
Episcleral venous pressure and IOP responses to central electrical stimulation in the rat.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Transcorneal electrical stimulation in primary open angle glaucoma].Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft · 2017Trial
- F4H5 Alleviates Increased Outflow Resistance Induced by Emulsified Silicone Oil In Vitro.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Relationship Between Diurnal Variations of Episcleral Venous Pressure and Intraocular Pressure.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- [Modeling and finite element analysis of human trabecular meshwork outflow pathways].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2025Article
- Correlation Between Changes in Extraocular Muscles and Intraocular Pressure Following Anti-Inflammatory Therapy in Active Thyroid Eye Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Total outflow facility before and after goniotomy inFrontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Control values of intraocular pressure in different species: a review of literature.Croatian medical journal · 2024Review
- Effect of wearing a surgical mask on intraocular pressure during COVID-19 pandemic.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus Upregulates Intraocular Pressure Via Glutamatergic Neurons.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Differences in Outflow Facility Between Angiographically Identified High- Versus Low-Flow Regions of the Conventional Outflow Pathways in Porcine Eyes.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Ocular Autonomic Nervous System: An Update from Anatomy to Physiological Functions.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Effect of Topical Phenylephrine 2.5% on Episcleral Venous Pressure in Normal Human Eyes.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Article
- Vascular Aspects in Glaucoma: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Approaches.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Intracranial pressure modulates aqueous humour dynamics of the eye.The Journal of physiology · 2020Article
- Episcleral Venous Pressure and the Ocular Hypotensive Effects of Topical and Intracameral Prostaglandin Analogs.Journal of glaucoma · 2019Review
- Computational Study on the Biomechanics of Pupil Block Phenomenon.BioMed research international · 2019Article
- Aqueous Humor Dynamics of the Brown-Norway Rat.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2018Article
- Clinical factors affecting intraocular pressure change after orbital decompression surgery in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2016Article
- Autonomic control of the eye.Comprehensive Physiology · 2015Review
- Greater Outflow Facility Increase After Targeted Trabecular Bypass in Angiographically Determined Low-low Regions.Ophthalmology. GlaucomaArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeHistological evidence suggests a role for the central nervous system in controlling episcleral venous pressure (EVP). Based on prior studies that identified candidate regions in the brain stem, the present study assessed the effect of electrical stimulation at the location of the superior salivatory nucleus (SSN) on EVP in rats.
methodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 11) were anesthetized using pentobarbital sodium (50 mg/kg intraperitoneally initially, supplemented intravenously [IV] as needed) and paralyzed with gallamine triethiodide (1 mg/kg, IV). The animals were artificially ventilated and the femoral artery and vein were cannulated for blood pressure measurement and drug administration. Carotid blood flow was measured with an ultrasound flow probe and heart rate with a cardiotachometer. IOP was measured through a cannula in the vitreous compartment and EVP was measured through a micropipette in episcleral veins using the servonull technique. After a craniotomy was performed, a unipolar stainless steel electrode was inserted into the brainstem at the coordinates of the SSN using a stereotactic instrument. Stimulations were performed at 20Hz, 9 μA, 1 ms pulse duration, and 200 pulses.
resultsStimulation at the SSN coordinates increased IOP from 10.6 ± 0.4 to 11.8 ± 0.6 mm Hg (P < 0.01) and EVP from 7.8 ± 1.3 to 10.7 ± 1.1 mm Hg (P < 0.01). Mean arterial pressure, carotid blood flow, and heart rate remained unaltered.
conclusionsThe present study indicates that the SSN may participate in regulating EVP.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.