Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24065152›Full record

ArticleDiabetologia2013

Start of insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus promotes the influx of macrophages into subcutaneous adipose tissue.

H J Jansen, R Stienstra, J A van Diepen, A Hijmans, J A van der Laak, G M M Vervoort, C J Tack

Registry-linked trialAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetologia, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00781495 (Determinants of Insulin-induced Weight Gain in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00781495 unknown statusnot on this map

Determinants of Insulin-induced Weight Gain in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

TypeobservationalSponsorRadboud University Medical CenterRan2008 to 2011Enrolled75ConditionsType 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Weight GainArmsSensewear Bodymedia armband
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Macrophage functions in lean and obese adipose tissue.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2017
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

H J JansenDepartment of Internal Medicine 463, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands, H.Jansen@jbz.nl.
R Stienstra
J A van Diepen
A Hijmans
J A van der Laak
G M M Vervoort
C J Tack

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aims/hypothesisInsulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is accompanied by weight gain characterised by an increase in abdominal fat mass. The expansion of adipose tissue mass is generally paralleled by profound morphological and inflammatory changes. We hypothesised that the insulin-associated increase in fat mass would also result in changes in the morphology of human subcutaneous adipose tissue and in increased inflammation, especially when weight gain was excessive.

methodsWe investigated the effects of weight gain on adipocyte size, macrophage influx, and mRNA expression and protein levels of key inflammatory markers within the adipose tissue in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus before and 6 months after starting insulin therapy.

resultsAs expected, insulin therapy significantly increased body weight. At the level of the subcutaneous adipose tissue, insulin treatment led to an influx of macrophages. When comparing patients gaining no or little weight with patients gaining >4% body weight after 6 months of insulin therapy, both subgroups displayed an increase in macrophage influx. However, individuals who had gained weight had higher protein levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, TNF-α and IL-1β after 6 months of insulin therapy compared with those who had not gained weight. CONCLUSIONS/

interpretationWe conclude that insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus improved glycaemic control but also induced body weight gain and an influx of macrophages into the subcutaneous adipose tissue. In patients characterised by a pronounced insulin-associated weight gain, the influx of macrophages into the adipose tissue was accompanied by a more pronounced inflammatory status.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00781495.

fundingThe study was funded by European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes and the Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseBody CompositionBody WeightDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleHumansInflammationInjections, SubcutaneousInsulinInterleukin-1betaMacrophagesMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesSubcutaneous FatTreatment OutcomeBlood GlucoseInsulinInterleukin-1betaTumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Identifiers

PMID24065152

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.