ArticleJournal of occupational and environmental medicine2013
Hypothyroidism and pesticide use among male private pesticide applicators in the agricultural health study.
Article in Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exposure to pesticides and the risk of hypothyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- Associations between persistent organic pollutants and thyroid-related hormones and homeostasis parameters in middle-aged to older men and postmenopausal women: The HCHS/SOL.Environmental research · 2025Article
- What Is the Impact of Glyphosate on the Thyroid? An Updated Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Mapping assays to the key characteristics of carcinogens to support decision-making.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2025Article
- Risk Assessment Arising from the Exposure of Terrestrial Vertebrates to Soil Contamination: Learning from Field Lizards of theJournal of xenobiotics · 2025Review
- Cross-Sectional Examination of Thyroid Hormones and Environmental Exposure to Multiclass Pesticides in Women of Reproductive Age in China.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Review
- Review
- Human exposure to pesticides and thyroid cancer: a worldwide systematic review of the literatures.Thyroid research · 2023Review
- Patterns of Thyroid Cancer Mortality and Incidence in Saudi Arabia: A 30-Year Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Thyroid Cancer and Pesticide Use in a Central California Agricultural Area: A Case Control Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Article
- Exposure to common-use pesticides, manganese, lead, and thyroid function among pregnant women from the Infants' Environmental Health (ISA) study, Costa Rica.The Science of the total environment · 2022Article
- Association between increasing agricultural use of 2,4-D and population biomarkers of exposure: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2014.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2022Article
- Environmental Health Threats to Latino Migrant Farmworkers.Annual review of public health · 2021Article
- Review
- Article
- Endocrine disruptors also function as nervous disruptors and can be renamed endocrine and nervous disruptors (ENDs).Toxicology reports · 2021Review
- Pesticide exposure and incident thyroid cancer among male pesticide applicators in agricultural health study.Environment international · 2021Article
- Longitudinal Study of Thyroid Hormones between Conventional and Organic Farmers in Thailand.Toxics · 2020Article
- Prenatal maternal organophosphorus pesticide exposures, paraoxonase 1, and childhood adiposity in the Mount Sinai Children's Environmental Health Study.Environment international · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveEvaluate the association between thyroid disease and use of insecticides, herbicides, and fumigants/fungicides in male applicators in the Agricultural Health Study.
methodsWe examined the association between use of 50 specific pesticides and self-reported hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and "other" thyroid disease among 22,246 male pesticide applicators.
resultsThere was increased odds of hypothyroidism with ever use of the herbicides 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), 2,4,5-T (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid), 2,4,5-TP (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy-propionic acid), alachlor, dicamba, and petroleum oil. Hypothyroidism was also associated with ever use of eight insecticides: organochlorines chlordane, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), heptachlor, lindane, and toxaphene; organophosphates diazinon and malathion; and the carbamate carbofuran. Exposure-response analysis showed increasing odds with increasing level of exposure for the herbicides alachlor and 2,4-D and the insecticides aldrin, chlordane, DDT, lindane, and parathion.
conclusionThere is an association between hypothyroidism and specific herbicides and insecticides in male applicators, similar to previous results for spouses.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.