Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24060573›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine2014

Predictors and patterns of cigarette and smokeless tobacco use among adolescents in 32 countries, 2007-2011.

Israel T Agaku, Olalekan A Ayo-Yusuf, Constantine I Vardavas, Gregory Connolly

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  4. Sex-related inequalities in current cigarette smoking among adolescents in Africa.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2024
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. The Reasons for Using Smokeless Tobacco: A Review.Iranian journal of public health · 2021
    Review
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  9. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Israel T AgakuDepartment of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Global Tobacco Control, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address: iagaku@post.harvard.edu.
Olalekan A Ayo-YusufDepartment of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Global Tobacco Control, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Community Dentistry, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
Constantine I VardavasDepartment of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Global Tobacco Control, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Gregory ConnollyDepartment of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Global Tobacco Control, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.

Funding

Design and Characterization on CigarettesR01CA087477 · NCI · NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY · PI CONNOLLY, GREGORY NILES · 2000 to 2015
$5.2M
Subjective and Behavioral Responses to PREP Design and MarketingR01CA125224 · NCI · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI CONNOLLY, GREGORY NILES · 2008 to 2011
$2.7M
NCI NIH HHS 2R01 CA087477-09A2NCI NIH HHS 3R01 CA125224-03NCI NIH HHS R01 CA087477NCI NIH HHS R01 CA125224
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study compared data from 32 countries to assess predictors and patterns of cigarette and smokeless tobacco (SLT) use among students aged 13-15 years old.

methodsData from the 2007-2008 Global Youth Tobacco Surveys were analyzed for students aged 13-15 years in 31 countries located in all six World Health Organization regions. In addition, the 2011 National Youth Tobacco Survey was analyzed for U.S. students aged 13-15 years. Country-specific prevalence of current smoking, current SLT use, and concurrent use patterns were assessed.

resultsThe national prevalence of current cigarette smoking among students aged 13-15 years ranged from 1.8% (Rwanda) to 32.9% (Latvia), whereas current SLT use ranged from 1.1% (Montenegro) to 14.4% (Lesotho). In the U.S. and most European countries surveyed, current smoking prevalence was significantly higher than SLT prevalence, in contrast to patterns observed in low- and middle-income countries. Also, in most of the surveyed countries outside of Europe and the United States, SLT use among girls was as common as their use of cigarettes, and not significantly different from use by boys. When compared with U.S. adolescents, the odds of SLT use were highest among African adolescents (adjusted odds ratio = 3.98; 95% CI: 2.19-7.24) followed by those in the Southeast Asian region (adjusted odds ratio = 2.76; 95% CI: 1.38-5.53).

conclusionsRegion-specific patterns of tobacco use were noticed. Furthermore, it is alarming that in several low- and middle-income countries, the prevalence of SLT use among females did not differ from that among males, suggesting the possibility of a future shared burden of disease between both males and females.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdolescent BehaviorFemaleGlobal HealthHumansIncomeMalePrevalenceSmokingTobacco, SmokelessTobacco UseTobacco Use DisorderAddictionAdolescentsCigaretteSmokeless tobaccoSmoking

Identifiers

PMID24060573
PMCPMC3872244

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.