ArticleArchives of physical medicine and rehabilitation2014
Negative affect and sleep disturbance may be associated with response to epidural steroid injections for spine-related pain.
Article in Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychiatric Comorbidity Is Associated Prospectively with Diminished Opioid Analgesia and Increased Opioid Misuse in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain.Anesthesiology · 2015Trial
- Prevalence of psychological comorbidities and their association with injection therapy outcomes in patients with chronic low back pain: a registry-based retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Association of Nociplastic Pain Features with Function in Aging Veterans with Chronic Low Back Pain.Research square · 2025Article
- Factors predicting outcomes from chronic pain management interventions.BMJ medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Evaluating the effectiveness of interlaminar epidural steroid injections for cervical radiculopathy using PROMIS as an outcome measure.Interventional pain medicine · 2024Article
- Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Persian version of selected PROMIS measures for use in lumbar canal stenosis patients.Journal of education and health promotion · 2023Article
- Understanding the Psychological, Physiological, and Genetic Factors Affecting Precision Pain Medicine: A Narrative Review.Journal of pain research · 2021Review
- Does facet tropism negatively affect the response to transforaminal epidural steroid injections? A prospective clinical study.Skeletal radiology · 2019Article
- PROMIS Physical and Emotional Health Scores Are Worse in Musculoskeletal Patients Presenting to Physiatrists than to Other Orthopedic Specialists.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation · 2019Article
- Affect and Low Back Pain: More to Consider Than the Influence of Negative Affect Alone.The Clinical journal of pain · 2016Article
- Patient phenotyping in clinical trials of chronic pain treatments: IMMPACT recommendations.Pain · 2016Review
- PROMIS measures of pain, fatigue, negative affect, physical function, and social function demonstrated clinical validity across a range of chronic conditions.Journal of clinical epidemiology · 2016Article
- Performance of a Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Short Form in Older Adults with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2016Article
- Deconstructing Chronic Low Back Pain in the Older Adult: Step by Step Evidence and Expert-Based Recommendations for Evaluation and Treatment: Part IV: Depression.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2015Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo describe whether negative affect and sleep impairment are associated with the clinical effect of epidural steroid injections (ESIs) for low back pain.
designObservational study; patients were evaluated before ESI and 1 and 3 months after ESI.
settingSpine center and related treatment sites.
participantsParticipants (N=158) seeking treatment for low back pain with or without radiculopathy.
interventionESI for low back pain with or without radiculopathy.
main outcome measuresWe assessed the dependent (global pain severity for back and leg pain, pain behavior, pain interference) and independent variables (depression, sleep disturbance, and covariates of back pain response) with the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and legacy measures. Outcome was assessed cross-sectionally using multiple regression and longitudinally with path analysis.
resultsAfter 1 month, sleep disturbance was the only predictor for the global ratings of improvement in back pain (R(2)=16.8%) and leg pain (R(2)=11.4%). The proportions of variance explained by sleep disturbance and negative affect for all dependent variables were greater at 3 months than 1 month. Mediation analysis was significant for negative affect for the 3-month outcomes on PROMIS pain behavior (β=.87, P<.01) and pain interference (β=.37, P<.01). There was no evidence of mediation by sleep disturbance for any outcome.
conclusionsNegative affect and sleep disturbance are associated with worse outcomes after ESI. Further research is needed to determine if treatment of negative affect and sleep disturbance prior to or concurrently with ESI will improve outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.