ArticleMicrobial ecology2014
Francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica occurs in Swedish mosquitoes, persists through the developmental stages of laboratory-infected mosquitoes and is transmissible during blood feeding.
Article in Microbial ecology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tularemia: Historical Perspectives and Current Challenges of a Re-Emerging Zoonosis.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- An Emerging Role for Ticks as Vectors of Tularaemia in Sweden.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- Review
- Mosquitoes provide a transmission route between possums and humans for Buruli ulcer in southeastern Australia.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
- Phenotypic and transcriptional characterization ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Non-vaccinal prophylaxis of tularemia.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Characterization of tularemia foci in the Republic of Kazakhstan from 2000 to 2020.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2024Article
- Tularemia - a re-emerging disease with growing concern.The veterinary quarterly · 2023Article
- Mosquito Vectors (Diptera:Insects · 2022Review
- A global overview of the most important zoonotic bacteria pathogens transmitted fromInfectious medicine · 2022Review
- Midguts of Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) as a potential source of raw milk contamination with pathogens.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- PdpC, a secreted effector protein of the type six secretion system, is required for erythrocyte invasion byFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Presence ofMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Friends in All the Green Spaces: Weather Dependent Changes in Urban Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) Abundance and Diversity.Insects · 2021Article
- Long-Term Survival of Virulent Tularemia Pathogens outside a Host in Conditions That Mimic Natural Aquatic Environments.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2021Article
- Tularemia as a Mosquito-Borne Disease.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Bartonella species in medically important mosquitoes, Central Europe.Parasitology research · 2020Article
- OpiA, a Type Six Secretion System Substrate, Localizes to the Cell Pole and Plays a Role in Bacterial Growth and Viability inJournal of bacteriology · 2020Article
- Ecology ofAnnual review of entomology · 2020Review
- Francisella novicida and F. philomiragia biofilm features conditionning fitness in spring water and in presence of antibiotics.PloS one · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In Sweden, mosquitoes are considered the major vectors of the bacterium Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica, which causes tularaemia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether mosquitoes acquire the bacterium as aquatic larvae and transmit the disease as adults. Mosquitoes sampled in a Swedish area where tularaemia is endemic (Örebro) were positive for the presence of F. tularensis deoxyribonucleic acid throughout the summer. Presence of the clinically relevant F. tularensis subsp. holarctica was confirmed in 11 out of the 14 mosquito species sampled. Experiments performed using laboratory-reared Aedes aegypti confirmed that F. tularensis subsp. holarctica was transstadially maintained from orally infected larvae to adult mosquitoes and that 25% of the adults exposed as larvae were positive for the presence of F. tularensis-specific sequences for at least 2 weeks. In addition, we found that F. tularensis subsp. holarctica was transmitted to 58% of the adult mosquitoes feeding on diseased mice. In a small-scale in vivo transmission experiment with F. tularensis subsp. holarctica-positive adult mosquitoes and susceptible mice, none of the animals developed tularaemia. However, we confirmed that there was transmission of the bacterium to blood vials by mosquitoes that had been exposed to the bacterium in the larval stage. Taken together, these results provide evidence that mosquitoes play a role in disease transmission in part of Sweden where tularaemia recurs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.