ArticleJournal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society2013
Differential immunotoxicities of poly(ethylene glycol)- vs. poly(carboxybetaine)-coated nanoparticles.
Article in Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Liposomal drug delivery for lung cancer therapy: progress, challenges, and future perspectives.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Oral Colon-Targeted Lipid Nanoparticles Enhance Upadacitinib Delivery and Efficacy in a Murine Model of Ulcerative Colitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Design of Poly-Catechol Biodynamers for Potentiation of Antibiotic Efficacy against Drug-Resistant Bacteria.Biomacromolecules · 2026Article
- Polycarboxybetaine in advanced drug delivery systems: From structure-function relationship to therapeutic applications.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2025Review
- Unveiling the Antifouling Potential of Stabilized Poly(phosphorus ylides).ACS macro letters · 2023Article
- Some Nanocarrier's Properties and Chemical Interaction Mechanisms with Flavones.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- To PEGylate or not to PEGylate: Immunological properties of nanomedicine's most popular component, polyethylene glycol and its alternatives.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2022Review
- Quantitative self-assembly of pure drug cocktails as injectable nanomedicines for synergistic drug delivery and cancer therapy.Theranostics · 2021Article
- Development of Fully Degradable Phosphonium-Functionalized Amphiphilic Diblock Copolymers for Nucleic Acids Delivery.Biomacromolecules · 2018Article
- Polymeric Nanostructures for Imaging and Therapy.Chemical reviews · 2015Review
- Data Mining as a Guide for the Construction of Cross-Linked Nanoparticles with Low Immunotoxicity via Control of Polymer Chemistry and Supramolecular Assembly.Accounts of chemical research · 2015Article
- Mechanisms Underlying Cytotoxicity Induced by Engineered Nanomaterials: A Review ofNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2014Review
- Surface charges and shell crosslinks each play significant roles in mediating degradation, biofouling, cytotoxicity and immunotoxicity for polyphosphoester-based nanoparticles.Scientific reports · 2013Article
- Shell-crosslinked knedel-like nanoparticles induce lower immunotoxicity than their non-crosslinked analogs.Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Although the careful selection of shell-forming polymers for the construction of nanoparticles is an obvious parameter to consider for shielding of core materials and their payloads, providing for prolonged circulation in vivo by limiting uptake by the immune organs, and thus, allowing accumulation at the target sites, the immunotoxicities that such shielding layers elicit is often overlooked. For instance, we have previously performed rigorous in vitro and in vivo comparisons between two sets of nanoparticles coated with either non-ionic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) or zwitterionic poly(carboxybetaine) (PCB), but only now report the immunotoxicity and anti-biofouling properties of both polymers, as homopolymers or nanoparticle-decorating shell, in comparison to the uncoated nanoparticles, and Cremophor-EL, a well-known low molecular weight surfactant used for formulation of several drugs. It was found that both PEG and PCB polymers could induce the expression of cytokines in vitro and in vivo, with PCB being more immunotoxic than PEG, which corroborates the in vivo pharmacokinetics and biodistribution profiles of the two sets of nanoparticles. This is the first study to report on the ability of PEG, the most commonly utilized polymer to coat nanomaterials, and PCB, an emerging zwitterionic anti-biofouling polymer, to induce the secretion of cytokines and be of potential immunotoxicity. Furthermore, we report here on the possible use of immunotoxicity assays to partially predict in vivo pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of nanomaterials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.