ArticleBMC infectious diseases2013
Effectiveness of influenza vaccine against laboratory-confirmed influenza, in the late 2011-2012 season in Spain, among population targeted for vaccination.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Use of Test-negative Controls to Monitor Vaccine Effectiveness: A Systematic Review of Methodology.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2020Pooled it
- Estimating influenza vaccine effectiveness using routine surveillance data among children aged 6-59 months for five consecutive influenza seasons.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2015Pooled it
- Potential of the test-negative design for measuring influenza vaccine effectiveness: a systematic review.Expert review of vaccines · 2014Pooled it
- Intraseasonal waning of influenza vaccine effectiveness and implications for the optimal timing of seasonal vaccination programs: A scoping review.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2026Article
- When to vaccinate for seasonal influenza: check the peak forecast.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Molecular ingredients of an immunogen for long-lasting IgG.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Reduced Effectiveness of Repeat Influenza Vaccination: Distinguishing Among Within-Season Waning, Recent Clinical Infection, and Subclinical Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Reduced effectiveness of repeat influenza vaccination: distinguishing among within-season waning, recent clinical infection, and subclinical infection.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Decline in Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness With Vaccination Program Maturation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Effects of Influenza Vaccination in the United States During the 2018-2019 Influenza Season.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Variations in Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness due to Study Characteristics: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Test-Negative Design Studies.Open forum infectious diseases · 2020Review
- Effects of Influenza Vaccination in the United States During the 2017-2018 Influenza Season.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Article
- Assessment of two complementary influenza surveillance systems: sentinel primary care influenza-like illness versus severe hospitalized laboratory-confirmed influenza using the moving epidemic method.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Challenges in estimating influenza vaccine effectiveness.Expert review of vaccines · 2019Review
- Role of Multivalency and Antigenic Threshold in Generating Protective Antibody Responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Effectiveness of influenza vaccination on influenza-associated hospitalisations over time among children in Hong Kong: a test-negative case-control study.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2018Article
- Association of Prior Vaccination With Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in Children Receiving Live Attenuated or Inactivated Vaccine.JAMA network open · 2018Article
- Influenza vaccine effectiveness by test-negative design - Comparison of inpatient and outpatient settings.Vaccine · 2016Article
- Cost-effectiveness evaluation of quadrivalent influenza vaccines for seasonal influenza prevention: a dynamic modeling study of Canada and the United Kingdom.BMC infectious diseases · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn Spain, the influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated in the last three seasons using the observational study cycEVA conducted in the frame of the existing Spanish Influenza Sentinel Surveillance System. The objective of the study was to estimate influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against medically attended, laboratory-confirmed influenza-like illness (ILI) among the target groups for vaccination in Spain in the 2011-2012 season. We also studied influenza VE in the early (weeks 52/2011-7/2012) and late (weeks 8-14/2012) phases of the epidemic and according to time since vaccination.
methodsMedically attended patients with ILI were systematically swabbed to collect information on exposure, laboratory outcome and confounding factors. Patients belonging to target groups for vaccination and who were swabbed <8 days after symptom onset were included. Cases tested positive for influenza and controls tested negative for any influenza virus. To examine the effect of a late season, analyses were performed according to the phase of the season and according to the time between vaccination and symptoms onset.
resultsThe overall adjusted influenza VE against A(H3N2) was 45% (95% CI, 0-69). The estimated influenza VE was 52% (95% CI, -3 to 78), 40% (95% CI, -40 to 74) and 22% (95% CI, -135 to 74) at 3.5 months, 3.5-4 months, and >4 months, respectively, since vaccination. A decrease in VE with time since vaccination was only observed in individuals aged ≥ 65 years. Regarding the phase of the season, decreasing point estimates were only observed in the early phase, whereas very low or null estimates were obtained in the late phase for the shortest time interval.
conclusionsThe 2011-2012 influenza vaccine showed a low-to-moderate protective effect against medically attended, laboratory-confirmed influenza in the target groups for vaccination, in a late season and with a limited match between the vaccine and circulating strains. The suggested decrease in influenza VE with time since vaccination was mostly observed in the elderly population. The decreasing protective effect of the vaccine in the late part of the season could be related to waning vaccine protection because no viral changes were identified throughout the season.
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