ArticleBMC public health2013
Socioeconomic variation in the burden of chronic conditions and health care provision--analyzing administrative individual level data from the Basque Country, Spain.
Article in BMC public health, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Household and area-level social determinants of multimorbidity: a systematic review.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2021Pooled it
- Lifetime healthcare expenditures across socioeconomic groups.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Socioeconomic Inequalities as a Cause of Health Inequities in Spain: A Scoping Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Mental Illness Inequalities by Multimorbidity, Use of Health Resources and Socio-Economic Status in an Aging Society.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Measuring horizontal inequity in healthcare utilisation: a review of methodological developments and debates.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2020Article
- Income inequalities in multimorbidity prevalence in Ontario, Canada: a decomposition analysis of linked survey and health administrative data.International journal for equity in health · 2018Article
- Income disparities in healthcare use remain after controlling for healthcare need: evidence from Swedish register data on psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2018Article
- Patterns of analgesic use to relieve tooth pain among residents in British Columbia, Canada.PloS one · 2017Article
- Type-2 diabetes primary prevention program implemented in routine primary care: a process evaluation study.Trials · 2016Observational
- Proposals for enhanced health risk assessment and stratification in an integrated care scenario.BMJ open · 2016Article
- The Origin of Variation in Primary Care Process and Outcome Indicators: Patients, Professionals, Centers, and Health Districts.Medicine · 2015Observational
- The prevalence of diabetes-related complications and multimorbidity in the population with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Basque Country.BMC public health · 2014Article
- Prevalence of depression in adults with type 2 diabetes in the Basque Country: relationship with glycaemic control and health care costs.BMC public health · 2014Article
- Comorbidity and healthcare expenditure in women with osteoporosis living in the basque country (Spain).Journal of osteoporosis · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChronic diseases are posing an increasing challenge to society, with the associated burden falling disproportionally on more deprived individuals and geographical areas. Although the existence of a socioeconomic health gradient is one of the main concerns of health policy across the world, health information systems commonly do not have reliable data to detect and monitor health inequalities and inequities. The objectives of this study were to measure the level of socioeconomic-related inequality in prevalence of chronic diseases and to investigate the extent and direction of inequities in health care provision.
methodsA dataset linking clinical and administrative information of the entire population living in the Basque Country, Spain (over 2 million individuals) was used to measure the prevalence of 52 chronic conditions and to quantify individual health care costs. We used a concentration-index approach to measure the extent and direction of inequality with respect to the deprivation of the area of residence of each individual.
resultsMost chronic diseases were found to be disproportionally concentrated among individuals living in more deprived areas, but the extent of the imbalance varies by type of disease and sex. Most of the variation in health care utilization was explained by morbidity burden. However, even after accounting for differences in morbidity, pro-poor horizontal inequity was present in specialized outpatient care, emergency department, prescription, and primary health care costs and this fact was more apparent in females than males; inpatient costs exhibited an equitable distribution in both sexes.
conclusionsAnalyses of comprehensive administrative clinical information at the individual level allow the socioeconomic gradient in chronic diseases and health care provision to be measured to a level of detail not possible using other sources. This frequently updated source of information can be exploited to monitor trends and evaluate the impact of policy reforms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.