ArticleBulletin of the World Health Organization2013
Breastfeeding policy: a globally comparative analysis.
Article in Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Breastfeeding after Returning to Work: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Sociodemographic Factors Predicting Exclusive Breastfeeding in Ethiopia: Evidence from a Meta-analysis of Studies Conducted in the Past 10 Years.Maternal and child health journal · 2021Pooled it
- Effectiveness of targeting fathers for breastfeeding promotion: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2018Pooled it
- Is breastfeeding 'exclusive'? Barriers facing global health professionals and proposed solutions.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Investigation of maternal breastfeeding guarantee policy needs and influencing factors: a cross-sectional study in China.Frontiers in health services · 2024Article
- Access to Maternity Protection and Potential Implications for Breastfeeding Practices of Domestic Workers in the Western Cape of South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Maternity protection entitlements for non-standard workers in low-and-middle-income countries and potential implications for breastfeeding practices: a scoping review of research since 2000.International breastfeeding journal · 2023Article
- Access to Workplace Supports is Positively Associated with Exclusive Breastfeeding among Formally Employed Mothers in Kenya.The Journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Women's Health and Working Life: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Implementing the Becoming Breastfeeding Friendly initiative in Scotland.Maternal & child nutrition · 2023Article
- Breastfeeding and infant care as 'sexed' care work: reconsideration of the three Rs to enable women's rights, economic empowerment, nutrition and health.Frontiers in public health · 2023Review
- Supporting factors and structural barriers in the continuity of breastfeeding in the hospital workplace.International breastfeeding journal · 2022Article
- Legislation and Policies for the Right to Maternity Protection in South Africa: A Fragmented State of Affairs.Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association · 2022Article
- Association Between Maternal Work and Exclusive Breastfeeding in Countries of Latin America and Caribbean.Maternal and child health journal · 2022Article
- Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding among Haitian children under 6 months of age.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2022Article
- A scoping review of research on policies to address child undernutrition in the Millennium Development Goals era.Public health nutrition · 2021Article
- Breastfeeding and employed mothers in Ethiopia: legal protection, arrangement, and support.International breastfeeding journal · 2021Article
- The Human Milk Oligosaccharides 3-FL, Lacto-N-Neotetraose, and LDFT Attenuate Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Induced Inflammation in Fetal Intestinal Epithelial Cells In Vitro through Shedding or Interacting with Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2021Article
- Formal maternal employment is associated with lower odds of exclusive breastfeeding by 14 weeks postpartum: a cross-sectional survey in Naivasha, Kenya.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Article
- Breastfeeding practice in China from 2013 to 2018: a study from a national dynamic follow-up surveillance.BMC public health · 2021Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo explore the extent to which national policies guaranteeing breastfeeding breaks to working women may facilitate breastfeeding.
methodsAn analysis was conducted of the number of countries that guarantee breastfeeding breaks, the daily number of hours guaranteed, and the duration of guarantees. To obtain current, detailed information on national policies, original legislation as well as secondary sources on 182 of the 193 Member States of the United Nations were examined. Regression analyses were conducted to test the association between national policy and rates of exclusive breastfeeding while controlling for national income level, level of urbanization, female percentage of the labour force and female literacy rate.
findingsBreastfeeding breaks with pay are guaranteed in 130 countries (71%) and unpaid breaks are guaranteed in seven (4%). No policy on breastfeeding breaks exists in 45 countries (25%). In multivariate models, the guarantee of paid breastfeeding breaks for at least 6 months was associated with an increase of 8.86 percentage points in the rate of exclusive breastfeeding (P < 0.05).
conclusionA greater percentage of women practise exclusive breastfeeding in countries where laws guarantee breastfeeding breaks at work. If these findings are confirmed in longitudinal studies, health outcomes could be improved by passing legislation on breastfeeding breaks in countries that do not yet ensure the right to breastfeed.
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