ArticleAIDS (London, England)2013
Neuroprotective maraviroc monotherapy in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques: reduced replicating and latent SIV in the brain.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Changes in Cerebrospinal Fluid, Liver and Intima-media-thickness Biomarkers in Patients with HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorders Randomized to a Less Neurotoxic Treatment Regimen.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2023Trial
- CSF inflammatory markers and neurocognitive function after addition of maraviroc to monotherapy darunavir/ritonavir in stable HIV patients: the CINAMMON study.Journal of neurovirology · 2018Trial
- Neurocognition with maraviroc compared with tenofovir in HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2016Trial
- Neurological Response to cART vs. cART plus Integrase Inhibitor and CCR5 Antagonist Initiated during Acute HIV.PloS one · 2015Trial
- HIV Cerebrospinal Fluid Escape: Interventions for the Management, Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Review
- SIV-specific antibodies protect against inflammasome-driven encephalitis in untreated macaques.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Review
- Downregulation of CCR5 on brain perivascular macrophages in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus macaques.Brain and behavior · 2023Article
- Review
- The CCR5 antagonist maraviroc exerts limited neuroprotection without improving neurofunctional outcome in experimental pneumococcal meningitis.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- CCR5 antagonist reduces HIV-induced amyloidogenesis, tau pathology, neurodegeneration, and blood-brain barrier alterations in HIV-infected hu-PBL-NSG mice.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2021Article
- Beneficial and Adverse Effects of cART Affect Neurocognitive Function in HIV-1 Infection: Balancing Viral Suppression against Neuronal Stress and Injury.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2021Review
- In vitro inhibitory effect of maraviroc on the association of the simian immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein with CCR5.Virus genes · 2021Article
- Clinical Treatment Options and Randomized Clinical Trials for Neurocognitive Complications of HIV Infection: Combination Antiretroviral Therapy, Central Nervous System Penetration Effectiveness, and Adjuvants.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2021Review
- Potential pharmacological approaches for the treatment of HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorders.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2020Review
- A central role for glial CCR5 in directing the neuropathological interactions of HIV-1 Tat and opiates.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2018Article
- Neurologic Complications of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) · 2018Review
- Marginal Effects of Systemic CCR5 Blockade with Maraviroc on Oral Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission to Infant Macaques.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- An SIV/macaque model targeted to study HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Journal of neurovirology · 2018Review
- Reduced antiretroviral drug efficacy and concentration in HIV-infected microglia contributes to viral persistence in brain.Retrovirology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveHIV-associated neurocognitive deficits remain a challenge despite suppressive combined antiretroviral therapy. Given the association between HIV-induced central nervous system (CNS) disease and replication of HIV in immune-activated macrophages, CCR5 antagonists may attenuate CNS disease by modulating inflammatory signaling and by limiting viral replication.
designTo establish whether initiating CCR5 inhibition during early infection altered CNS disease progression, outcomes were compared between simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques treated with maraviroc (MVC) versus untreated SIV-infected macaques.
methodsSix SIV-infected rhesus macaques were treated with MVC monotherapy for 5 months beginning 24 days postinoculation; 22 SIV-infected animals served as untreated controls. SIV RNA levels in plasma, cerobrospinal fluid, and brain, and CNS expression of TNFα and CCL2 were measured by qRT-PCR. Immunostaining for CD68 and amyloid precursor protein in the brain was measured by image analysis. Plasma sCD163 was measured by ELISA.
resultsSIV RNA and proviral DNA levels in brain were markedly lower with MVC treatment, demonstrating CCR5 inhibition reduces CNS replication of SIV and may reduce the CNS latent viral reservoir. MVC treatment also lowered monocyte and macrophage activation, represented by CNS CD68 immunostaining and plasma sCD163 levels, and reduced both TNFα and CCL2 RNA expression in brain. Treatment also reduced axonal amyloid precursor protein immunostaining to levels present in uninfected animals, consistent with neuroprotection.
conclusionCCR5 inhibitors may prevent neurologic disorders in HIV-infected individuals by reducing inflammation and by limiting viral replication in the brain. Furthermore, CCR5 inhibitors may reduce the latent viral reservoir in the CNS. Adding CCR5 inhibitors to combined antiretroviral regimens may offer multiple neuroprotective benefits.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.