ArticleRheumatology (Oxford, England)2013
Foot posture, foot function and low back pain: the Framingham Foot Study.
Article in Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07193212 (Osteopathic Manipulation Treatment Effect on the Leg and Foot Myofascial System in Adults With Chronic Low Back Pain - Pilot Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 44 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Osteopathic Manipulation Treatment Effect on the Leg and Foot Myofascial System in Adults With Chronic Low Back Pain - Pilot Study
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- The effects of foot orthoses on radiological parameters and pain in children with flexible flat feet: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Association between lower limb alignment and low back pain: A systematic review with meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- The effectiveness of shoe insoles for the prevention and treatment of low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2014Pooled it
- Custom-Made Foot Orthoses as Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain and Pronated Foot Treatment.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Trial
- Effects of the Short Foot Exercise With Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Navicular Height in Flexible Flatfoot in Thailand: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Immediate Effects of a Wearable Thermoplastic Polyurethane Arch Pad Sock on Lower-Extremity Muscle Activity in Adults with Flexible Flatfoot.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Unilateral Balance, Muscular Strength, Foot Arch Status, and Physical Performance in Young Adults with and Without Low Back Pain.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Foot Arch Status and Muscular Strength: Associations with Unilateral Balance and Physical Performance.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Association Between Calcaneal Inclination Angle and Spinal and Lower Limb Alignment: A Retrospective Radiographic Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Reliability and Agreement of a Dual-Method Radiographic Standard vs. Clinical Goniometry for Shank-Forefoot Alignment: A GRRAS-Compliant Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Foot arch morphology and lower-limb biomechanical characteristics in university students: a cross-sectional multifactorial analysis of 1,078 participants.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Foot bone structure and plantar soft tissue deformation behavior in different functional positions.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Myotonometric, Static Plantar Pressure, and Stabilometric Assessment in Children and Adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Study Protocol.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Biomechanics of knee osteoarthritis from local knee loading to whole kinetic chain imbalance: a narrative review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Influence of foot arch height on isokinetic knee muscle strength at varying angular velocities.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
- Association of Musculoskeletal Pain With Foot Type, Plantar Pressure, Physical Activity, Psychosocial Factors, and Daily Living Habits Among Adolescents.Clinical medicine insights. Arthritis and musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Correlation of Body Parameters and Age with Foot Arch Index and Stabilometric Variables in Physically Active Young Males and Females.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Dual Transverse Arch Foot Orthosis Improves Gait Biomechanics in Females with Flexible Flatfoot.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveAbnormal foot posture and function have been proposed as possible risk factors for low back pain, but this has not been examined in detail. The objective of this study was to explore the associations of foot posture and foot function with low back pain in 1930 members of the Framingham Study (2002-05).
methodsLow back pain, aching or stiffness on most days was documented on a body chart. Foot posture was categorized as normal, planus or cavus using static weight-bearing measurements of the arch index. Foot function was categorized as normal, pronated or supinated using the centre of pressure excursion index derived from dynamic foot pressure measurements. Sex-specific multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the associations of foot posture, foot function and asymmetry with low back pain, adjusting for confounding variables.
resultsFoot posture showed no association with low back pain. However, pronated foot function was associated with low back pain in women [odds ratio (OR) = 1.51, 95% CI 1.1, 2.07, P = 0.011] and this remained significant after adjusting for age, weight, smoking and depressive symptoms (OR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.07, 2.05, P = 0.018).
conclusionThese findings suggest that pronated foot function may contribute to low back symptoms in women. Interventions that modify foot function, such as orthoses, may therefore have a role in the prevention and treatment of low back pain.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.