ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2013
Enhancement of adaptive immunity to Neisseria gonorrhoeae by local intravaginal administration of microencapsulated interleukin 12.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Recombinant Human Interleukin 12 in Dog and Rabbit Models of Toxicity.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2025Article
- Meningococcal vaccine 4CMenB elicits a robust cellular immune response that targets but is not consistently protective againstmSphere · 2025Article
- Protection againstFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Tackling immunosuppression by Neisseria gonorrhoeae to facilitate vaccine design.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Experimental Urethral Infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2024Review
- Th1-polarized MtrE-based gonococcal vaccines display prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Article
- Article
- Immune responses toFrontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Mechanisms of host manipulation byFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Vaginal delivery of vaccines.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2021Review
- Immune Responses to Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Challenges and Opportunities With Respect to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Vaccine Candidates for the Control and Prevention of the Sexually Transmitted Disease Gonorrhea.Vaccines · 2021Review
- The serogroup B meningococcal outer membrane vesicle-based vaccine 4CMenB induces cross-species protection against Neisseria gonorrhoeae.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
- Biological feasibility and importance of a gonorrhea vaccine for global public health.Vaccine · 2019Review
- Feasibility of Using a Luminescence-Based Method to Determine Serum Bactericidal Activity againstVaccines · 2019Article
- Progress Toward a Gonococcal Vaccine: The Way Forward.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Gonorrhea remains one of the most frequent infectious diseases, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae is emerging as resistant to most available antibiotics, yet it does not induce a state of specific protective immunity against reinfection. Our recent studies have demonstrated that N. gonorrhoeae proactively suppresses host T-helper (Th) 1/Th2-mediated adaptive immune responses, which can be manipulated to generate protective immunity. Here we show that intravaginally administered interleukin 12 (IL-12) encapsulated in sustained-release polymer microspheres significantly enhanced both Th1 and humoral immune responses in a mouse model of genital gonococcal infection. Treatment of mice with IL-12 microspheres during gonococcal challenge led to faster clearance of infection and induced resistance to reinfection, with the generation of gonococcus-specific circulating immunoglobulin G and vaginal immunoglobulin A and G antibodies. These results suggest that local administration of microencapsulated IL-12 can serve as a novel therapeutic and prophylactic strategy against gonorrhea, with implications for the development of an effective vaccine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.