ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2013
Analysis of biotinylated generation 4 poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer distribution in the rat brain and toxicity in a cellular model of the blood-brain barrier.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human Embryonic Kidney HEK293 Cells as a Model to Study SMVT-Independent Transport of Biotin and Biotin-Furnished Nanoparticles in Targeted Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Importance of Biotinylation for the Suitability of Cationic and Neutral Fourth-Generation Polyamidoamine Dendrimers as Targeted Drug Carriers in the Therapy of Glioma and Liver Cancer.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Decitabine enclosed biotin-zein conjugated nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization,Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2024Article
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- Article
- Applications and Limitations of Dendrimers in Biomedicine.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Stepwise Glucoheptoamidation of Poly(Amidoamine) Dendrimer G3 to Tune Physicochemical Properties of the Potential Drug Carrier: In Vitro Tests for Cytisine Conjugates.Pharmaceutics · 2020Article
- The Effect of Biotinylated PAMAM G3 Dendrimers Conjugated with COX-2 Inhibitor (celecoxib) and PPARγ Agonist (Fmoc-L-Leucine) on Human Normal Fibroblasts, Immortalized Keratinocytes and Glioma Cells in Vitro.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Nanoparticles and the blood-brain barrier: advancing from in-vitro models towards therapeutic significance.Pharmaceutical research · 2015Review
- Selective aggregation of PAMAM dendrimer nanocarriers and PAMAM/ZnPc nanodrugs on human atheromatous carotid tissues: a photodynamic therapy for atherosclerosis.Nanoscale research letters · 2015Article
- Different patterns of nuclear and mitochondrial penetration by the G3 PAMAM dendrimer and its biotin-pyridoxal bioconjugate BC-PAMAM in normal and cancer cells in vitro.International journal of nanomedicine · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Dendrimers are highly customizable nanopolymers with qualities that make them ideal for drug delivery. The high binding affinity of biotin/avidin provides a useful approach to fluorescently label synthesized dendrimer-conjugates in cells and tissues. In addition, biotin may facilitate delivery of dendrimers through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) via carrier-mediated endocytosis. The purpose of this research was to: (1) measure toxicity using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays of generation (G)4 biotinylated and non-biotinylated poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers in a co-culture model of the BBB, (2) determine distribution of dendrimers in the rat brain, kidney, and liver following systemic administration of dendrimers, and (3) conduct atomic force microscopy (AFM) on rat brain sections following systemic administration of dendrimers. LDH measurements showed that biotinylated dendrimers were toxic to cell co-culture after 48 h of treatment. Distribution studies showed evidence of biotinylated and non-biotinylated PAMAM dendrimers in brain. AFM studies showed evidence of dendrimers only in brain tissue of treated rats. These results indicate that biotinylation does not decrease toxicity associated with PAMAM dendrimers and that biotinylated PAMAM dendrimers distribute in the brain. Furthermore, this article provides evidence of nanoparticles in brain tissue following systemic administration of nanoparticles supported by both fluorescence microscopy and AFM.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.