Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24048066›Full record

ReviewNature2013

The causes and consequences of genetic heterogeneity in cancer evolution.

Rebecca A Burrell, Nicholas McGranahan, Jiri Bartek, Charles Swanton

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04761744 (A Phase II Study of Nivolumab in Patients With Genetic Alterations in DNA Damage Repair and Response Who Progressed After Standard Treatment for Metastatic Solid Cancers), which is not on this map. Cited by 1,197 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1,197citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04761744 phase2unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

A Phase II Study of Nivolumab in Patients With Genetic Alterations in DNA Damage Repair and Response Who Progressed After Standard Treatment for Metastatic Solid Cancers

TypeinterventionalSponsorKorean Cancer Study GroupRan2019 to 2021Enrolled48ConditionsDDR Gene Mutation, Metastatic Solid TumorArmsNivolumab
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1,197 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  9. Non-cell-autonomous mechanisms of tumor initiation and relapse by chromosomal instability.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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1,137 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Rebecca A BurrellTranslational Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK.
Nicholas McGranahan
Jiri Bartek
Charles Swanton

Funding

Cancer Research UKMedical Research Council G0701935
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent studies have revealed extensive genetic diversity both between and within tumours. This heterogeneity affects key cancer pathways, driving phenotypic variation, and poses a significant challenge to personalized cancer medicine. A major cause of genetic heterogeneity in cancer is genomic instability. This instability leads to an increased mutation rate and can shape the evolution of the cancer genome through a plethora of mechanisms. By understanding these mechanisms we can gain insight into the common pathways of tumour evolution that could support the development of future therapeutic strategies.

Indexed as

Genetic HeterogeneityAnimalsDisease ProgressionGenomic InstabilityHumansNeoplasms

Identifiers

PMID24048066

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.