ReviewCellular microbiology2013
Antigenic variation in African trypanosomes: the importance of chromosomal and nuclear context in VSG expression control.
Review in Cellular microbiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- De Novo Assembly of the Trypanosoma congolense Genome Reveals an Organization Influenced by Antigenic Variation but Distinct from Trypanosoma brucei.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Regulation of Leishmania surface coat proteins by the nuclear protein ESB1.Journal of cell science · 2026Article
- Parasite nucleosomes: Chromatin dynamics rewired.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Ancestral aneuploidy and stable chromosomal duplication resulting in differential genome structure and gene expression control in trypanosomatid parasites.Genome research · 2024Article
- RAD51-mediated R-loop formation acts to repair transcription-associated DNA breaks driving antigenic variation inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Decoding the impact of nuclear organization on antigenic variation in parasites.Nature microbiology · 2023Review
- UMSBP2 is chromatin remodeler that functions in regulation of gene expression and suppression of antigenic variation in trypanosomes.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- An introduction to dynamic nucleoporins inJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2022Review
- Shared Mechanisms for Mutually Exclusive Expression and Antigenic Variation by Protozoan Parasites.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- The Putative Endonuclease Activity of MutL Is Required for the Segmental Gene Conversion Events That Drive Antigenic Variation of the Lyme Disease Spirochete.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Article
- DNA double strand break position leads to distinct gene expression changes and regulates VSG switching pathway choice.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- The MRN complex promotes DNA repair by homologous recombination and restrains antigenic variation in African trypanosomes.Nucleic acids research · 2021Article
- Trypanosoma brucei ATR Links DNA Damage Signaling during Antigenic Variation with Regulation of RNA Polymerase I-Transcribed Surface Antigens.Cell reports · 2020Article
- Changing of the guard: How the Lyme disease spirochete subverts the host immune response.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2020Review
- Trypanosoma brucei ribonuclease H2A is an essential R-loop processing enzyme whose loss causes DNA damage during transcription initiation and antigenic variation.Nucleic acids research · 2019Article
- African trypanosomes.Parasites & vectors · 2019Article
- Ribonuclease H1-targeted R-loops in surface antigen gene expression sites can direct trypanosome immune evasion.PLoS genetics · 2018Article
- Trypanosoma brucei UMSBP2 is a single-stranded telomeric DNA binding protein essential for chromosome end protection.Nucleic acids research · 2018Article
- Conservation and Variation in Strategies for DNA Replication of Kinetoplastid Nuclear Genomes.Current genomics · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
African trypanosomes are lethal human and animal parasites that use antigenic variation for evasion of host adaptive immunity. To facilitate antigenic variation, trypanosomes dedicate approximately one third of their nuclear genome, including many minichromosomes, and possibly all sub-telomeres, to variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) genes and associated sequences. Antigenic variation requires transcription of a single VSG by RNA polymerase I (Pol-I), with silencing of other VSGs, and periodic switching of the expressed gene, typically via DNA recombination with duplicative translocation of a new VSG to the active site. Thus, telomeric location, epigenetic controls and monoallelic transcription by Pol-I at an extranucleolar site are prominent features of VSGs and their expression, with telomeres, chromatin structure and nuclear organization all making vitally important contributions to monoallelic VSG expression control and switching. We discuss VSG transcription, recombination and replication control within this chromosomal and sub-nuclear context.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.