Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24039607›Full record

ArticlePLoS genetics2013

Transmission of Hypervirulence traits via sexual reproduction within and between lineages of the human fungal pathogen cryptococcus gattii.

Kerstin Voelz, Hansong Ma, Sujal Phadke, Edmond J Byrnes, Pinkuan Zhu, Olaf Mueller, Rhys A Farrer, Daniel A Henk, Yonathan Lewit, Yen-Ping Hsueh and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS genetics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
4.9field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  6. Expansion of the Emerging Fungal PathogenFrontiers in microbiology · 2020
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  7. Review
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  14. Microevolutionary traits and comparative population genomics of the emerging pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus gattii.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2016
    Article
  15. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Kerstin VoelzInstitute of Microbiology and Infection & School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom ; The National Institute of Health Research Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Hansong Ma
Sujal Phadke
Edmond J Byrnes
Pinkuan Zhu
Olaf Mueller
Rhys A Farrer
Daniel A Henk
Yonathan Lewit
Yen-Ping Hsueh
Matthew C Fisher
Alexander Idnurm
Joseph Heitman
Robin C May
Duke University · USImperial College London · GBUniversity of Missouri–Kansas City · USNIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre · GBQueen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham · GBUniversity of Birmingham · GB

Funding

ROLE OF CALCINEURIN IN C. NEOFORMANS MATING AND FRUITINGR01AI039115 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HEITMAN, JOSEPH · 1997 to 2025
$6.7M
Genetics of Cryptococcus sexual reproductionR37AI039115 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI HEITMAN, JOSEPH · 2011 to 2020
$4.9M
Antifungal drug target prioritization using Cryptococcus neoformansR21AI094364 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI KANSAS CITY · PI IDNURM, ALEXANDER · 2012 to 2013
$409k
Medical Research Council G0601171Medical Research Council MR/K000373/1NIAID NIH HHS AI094364NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI039115NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI094364NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI039115NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI39115-15Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust WT084616/A/08/ZWellcome Trust WT088148MF
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Since 1999 a lineage of the pathogen Cryptococcus gattii has been infecting humans and other animals in Canada and the Pacific Northwest of the USA. It is now the largest outbreak of a life-threatening fungal infection in a healthy population in recorded history. The high virulence of outbreak strains is closely linked to the ability of the pathogen to undergo rapid mitochondrial tubularisation and proliferation following engulfment by host phagocytes. Most outbreaks spread by geographic expansion across suitable niches, but it is known that genetic re-assortment and hybridisation can also lead to rapid range and host expansion. In the context of C. gattii, however, the likelihood of virulence traits associated with the outbreak lineages spreading to other lineages via genetic exchange is currently unknown. Here we address this question by conducting outgroup crosses between distantly related C. gattii lineages (VGII and VGIII) and ingroup crosses between isolates from the same molecular type (VGII). Systematic phenotypic characterisation shows that virulence traits are transmitted to outgroups infrequently, but readily inherited during ingroup crosses. In addition, we observed higher levels of biparental (as opposed to uniparental) mitochondrial inheritance during VGII ingroup sexual mating in this species and provide evidence for mitochondrial recombination following mating. Taken together, our data suggest that hypervirulence can spread among the C. gattii lineages VGII and VGIII, potentially creating novel hypervirulent genotypes, and that current models of uniparental mitochondrial inheritance in the Cryptococcus genus may not be universal.

Indexed as

CanadaCryptococcosisCryptococcus gattiiDisease OutbreaksGenes, Mating Type, FungalHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansHybridization, GeneticMitochondriaPhagocytesPhenotypeRecombination, GeneticReproductionVirulence

Identifiers

PMID24039607
PMCPMC3764205
OpenAlexW2088013060

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.