Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24036954›Full record

ArticleGenome biology and evolution2013

Detecting evolutionary strata on the human x chromosome in the absence of gametologous y-linked sequences.

Ravi Shanker Pandey, Melissa A Wilson Sayres, Rajeev K Azad

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Article in Genome biology and evolution, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

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0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Sharks and rays have the oldest vertebrate sex chromosome with unique sex determination mechanisms.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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  5. Review
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  18. Article
  19. Escape From X-Chromosome Inactivation: An Evolutionary Perspective.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2019
    Review
  20. Sex-chromosome dosage effects on gene expression in humans.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ravi Shanker PandeyDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas.
Melissa A Wilson Sayres
Rajeev K Azad

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mammalian sex chromosomes arose from a pair of homologous autosomes that differentiated into the X and Y chromosomes following a series of recombination suppression events between the X and Y. The stepwise recombination suppressions from the distal long arm to the distal short arm of the chromosomes are reflected as regions with distinct X-Y divergence, referred to as evolutionary strata on the X. All current methods for stratum detection depend on X-Y comparisons but are severely limited by the paucity of X-Y gametologs. We have developed an integrative method that combines a top-down, recursive segmentation algorithm with a bottom-up, agglomerative clustering algorithm to decipher compositionally distinct regions on the X, which reflect regions of unique X-Y divergence. In application to human X chromosome, our method correctly classified a concatenated set of 35 previously assayed X-linked gene sequences by evolutionary strata. We then extended our analysis, applying this method to the entire sequence of the human X chromosome, in an effort to define stratum boundaries. The boundaries of more recently formed strata on X-added region, namely the fourth and fifth strata, have been defined by previous studies and are recapitulated with our method. The older strata, from the first up to the third stratum, have remained poorly resolved due to paucity of X-Y gametologs. By analyzing the entire X sequence, our method identified seven evolutionary strata in these ancient regions, where only three could previously be assayed, thus demonstrating the robustness of our method in detecting the evolutionary strata.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularGenes, X-LinkedRecombination, GeneticAnimalsChickensChromosomes, Human, XChromosomes, Human, YCpG IslandsGenome, HumanHumansModels, Geneticchromosomal inversionsevolutionary stratagenome segmentationhuman sex chromosomesrecombination suppressions

Identifiers

PMID24036954
PMCPMC3814197

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.