ArticleContraception2013
Detection of two biological markers of intercourse: prostate-specific antigen and Y-chromosomal DNA.
Article in Contraception, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transient association between semen exposure and biomarkers of genital inflammation in South African women at risk of HIV infection.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Trial
- Comparison of self-reported female condom failure and biomarker-confirmed semen exposure.Contraception · 2019Trial
- Assessment of the vaginal residence time of biomarkers of semen exposure.Contraception · 2016Trial
- Effects of initiating a contraceptive implant on subsequent condom use: A randomized controlled trial.Contraception · 2015Trial
- Y chromosome and HIV DNA detection in vaginal swabs as biomarkers of semen and HIV exposure in women.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2014Trial
- Evaluating novel and conventional cell-separation techniques for sexual assault investigations.Journal of forensic sciences · 2025Article
- Semen: A modulator of female genital tract inflammation and a vector for HIV-1 transmission.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2021Review
- Recent Semen Exposure Impacts the Cytokine Response and Bacterial Vaginosis in Women.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Trends in Reported Sexual Behavior and Y-Chromosomal DNA Detection Among Female Sex Workers in the Senegal Preexposure Prophylaxis Demonstration Project.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2020Article
- PrEP Use Among Female Sex Workers: No Evidence for Risk Compensation.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Observational
- Biological Validation of Self-Reported Unprotected Sex and Comparison of Underreporting Over Two Different Recall Periods Among Female Sex Workers in Benin.Open forum infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Observational
- Y Chromosome DNA in Women's Vaginal Samples as a Biomarker of Recent Vaginal Sex and Condom Use With Male Partners in the HPV Infection and Transmission Among Couples Through Heterosexual Activity Cohort Study.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2018Observational
- Prostate-specific antigen concentration in vaginal fluid after exposure to semen.Contraception · 2017Article
- Prevalence and risk factors associated with STIs among women initiating contraceptive implants in Kingston, Jamaica.Sexually transmitted infections · 2017Article
- A longitudinal analysis of the vaginal microbiota and vaginal immune mediators in women from sub-Saharan Africa.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Objective Measurement of Inaccurate Condom Use Reporting Among Women Using Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate for Contraception.AIDS and behavior · 2017Article
- Brief Report: Association Between Menopause and Unprotected Sex in High-Risk HIV-Positive Women in Mombasa, Kenya.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Article
- Semen says: assessing the accuracy of adolescents' self-reported sexual abstinence using a semen Y-chromosome biomarker.Sexually transmitted infections · 2017Article
- The use of biomarkers of semen exposure in sexual and reproductive health studies.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough biological markers of women's exposure to semen from vaginal intercourse have been developed as surrogates for risk of infection or probability of pregnancy, data on their persistence time and clearance are limited. STUDY
designDuring 2006-2008, 52 couples were enrolled for three 14-day cycles of abstinence from vaginal sex during which women were exposed in the clinic to a specific quantity (10, 100 or 1000 μL) of their partner's semen. Vaginal swabs were collected before and at 1, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 144 h after exposure for testing for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and Y-chromosome DNA (Yc DNA).
resultsImmediately after exposure to 1000 μL of semen, the predicted sensitivity of being PSA positive was 0.96; this decreased to 0.65, 0.44, 0.21 and 0.07 at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h, respectively. Corresponding predicted sensitivity of being Yc DNA positive was 0.72 immediately postexposure; this increased to 0.76 at 1 h postexposure and then decreased to 0.60 (at 6 h), 0.63 (at 12 h), 0.49 (at 24 h), 0.21 (at 48 h), 0.17 (at 72 h) and 0.12 (at 144 h).
conclusionsOverall findings suggest that PSA may be more consistent as a marker of very recent exposure and that Yc DNA is more likely to be detected in the vagina after 12 h postexposure compared to PSA.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.