ArticleThe journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians2014
Bacteria and endotoxin in meconium-stained amniotic fluid at term: could intra-amniotic infection cause meconium passage?
Article in The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meconium-stained amniotic fluid.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2023Pooled it
- Outcomes of endotracheal suctioning in non-vigorous neonates born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition · 2021Pooled it
- Fetal inflammatory response severity on placental histology identifies neonates at risk for meconium aspiration syndrome.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Predictors of Severe Histological Chorioamnionitis and Associated Neonatal Outcomes in Term Intrapartum Clinical Chorioamnionitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Preterm meconium-stained amniotic fluid: A red flag for infection and adverse perinatal outcomes.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Article
- The combined impact of meconium stained amniotic fluid and small for gestational age on delivery outcomes.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2025Article
- Impact of meconium-stained amniotic fluid thickness on maternal infectious morbidity: a comprehensive clinical and microbiological analysis.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2025Article
- Prevalence ofEpidemiology and infection · 2025Article
- Adverse obstetric outcomes in cases of meconium-stained amniotic fluid complicated with intrapartum fever.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Article
- Clinical chorioamnionitis at term: definition, pathogenesis, microbiology, diagnosis, and treatment.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2024Review
- Meconium-stained amniotic fluid during labor may be a protective factor for the offspring's childhood wheezing up to 3 years of age: the Japan Environment and Children's Study.European journal of pediatrics · 2022Article
- Mixed Vaginitis in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy Is Associated With Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Approach to the Connection between Meconium Consistency and Adverse Neonatal Outcomes: A Retrospective Clinical Review and Prospective In Vitro Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Evidence of both foetal inflammation and hypoxia-ischaemia is associated with meconium aspiration syndrome.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Perinatal Outcome and Long-Term Infectious Morbidity of Offspring Born to Women with Known Tuberculosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- The fetal inflammatory response syndrome: the origins of a concept, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and obstetrical implications.Seminars in fetal & neonatal medicine · 2020Article
- The diagnostic performance of the beta-glucan assay in the detection of intra-amniotic infection with Candida species.The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians · 2019Article
- Article
- New Evidence to Support Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Meconium-Stained Amniotic Fluid in Low-Risk Women in Labor a Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India · 2018Article
- Clinical Chorioamnionitis at Term: New Insights into the Etiology, Microbiology, and the Fetal, Maternal and Amniotic Cavity Inflammatory Responses.Nogyogyaszati es szuleszeti tovabbkepzo szemle · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMeconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) is a common occurrence among women in spontaneous labor at term, and has been associated with adverse outcomes in both mother and neonate. MSAF is a risk factor for microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) and preterm birth among women with preterm labor and intact membranes. We now report the frequency of MIAC and the presence of bacterial endotoxin in the amniotic fluid of patients with MSAF at term. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study including women in presumed preterm labor because of uncertain dates who underwent amniocentesis, and were later determined to be at term (n = 108). Patients were allocated into two groups: (1) MSAF (n = 66) and (2) clear amniotic fluid (n = 42). The presence of bacteria was determined by microbiologic techniques, and endotoxin was detected using the Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) gel clot assay. Statistical analyses were performed to test for normality and bivariate comparisons.
resultsBacteria were more frequently present in patients with MSAF compared to those with clear amniotic fluid [19.6% (13/66) versus 4.7% (2/42); p < 0.05]. The microorganisms were Gram-negative rods (n = 7), Ureaplasma urealyticum (n = 4), Gram-positive rods (n = 2) and Mycoplasma hominis (n = 1). The LAL gel clot assay was positive in 46.9% (31/66) of patients with MSAF, and in 4.7% (2/42) of those with clear amniotic fluid (p < 0.001). After heat treatment, the frequency of a positive LAL gel clot assay remained higher in the MSAF group [18.1% (12/66) versus 2.3% (1/42), p < 0.05]. Median amniotic fluid IL-6 concentration (ng/mL) was higher [1.3 (0.7-1.9) versus 0.6 (0.3-1.2), p = 0.04], and median amniotic fluid glucose concentration (mg/dL) was lower [6 (0-8.9) versus 9 (7.4-12.6), p < 0.001] in the MSAF group, than in those with clear amniotic fluid.
conclusionMSAF at term was associated with an increased incidence of MIAC. The index of suspicion for an infection-related process in postpartum women and their neonates should be increased in the presence of MSAF.
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