ArticlePloS one2013
The HIV-1 Nef protein binds argonaute-2 and functions as a viral suppressor of RNA interference.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiple Inhibitory Factors Act in the Late Phase of HIV-1 Replication: a Systematic Review of the Literature.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2018Pooled it
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- Host-virus molecular arms race: RNAi-mediated antiviral defense and viral suppressor of RNAi.Cell insight · 2025Review
- Virus-derived siRNA: Coronavirus and influenza virus trigger antiviral RNAi immunity in birds.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Exosome-Mediated Antigen Delivery: Unveiling Novel Strategies in Viral Infection Control and Vaccine Design.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Exosomes multifunctional roles in HIV-1: insight into the immune regulation, vaccine development and current progress in delivery system.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Exosome-mediated effects and applications in inflammatory diseases of the digestive system.European journal of medical research · 2022Review
- Article
- HIV Neuroinflammation: The Role of Exosomes in Cell Signaling, Prognostic and Diagnostic Biomarkers and Drug Delivery.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Cardioprotective Roles of Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Exosomes.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Review
- Article
- Hepatitis C Virus NS2 Protein Suppresses RNA Interference in Cells.Virologica Sinica · 2020Article
- MicroRNAs and exosomes: key players in HIV pathogenesis.HIV medicine · 2020Review
- Role of microRNAs in antiviral responses to dengue infection.Journal of biomedical science · 2020Review
- Immunomodulatory roles of human herpesvirus-encoded microRNA in host-virus interaction.Reviews in medical virology · 2020Review
- Viral MicroRNAs: Interfering the Interferon Signaling.Current pharmaceutical design · 2020Review
- RNA-induced initiation of transcriptional silencing (RITS) complex structure and function.RNA biology · 2019Review
- Delivery of microRNAs by Extracellular Vesicles in Viral Infections: Could the News be Packaged?Cells · 2019Review
- Viral Regulation of RNA Granules in Infected Cells.Virologica Sinica · 2019Review
- HIV-1 Nef promotes cell proliferation and microRNA dysregulation in lung cells.Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The HIV-1 accessory protein Nef is an important virulence factor. It associates with cellular membranes and modulates the endocytic machinery and signaling pathways. Nef also increases the proliferation of multivesicular bodies (MVBs), which are sites for virus assembly and budding in macrophages. The RNA interference (RNAi) pathway proteins Ago2 and GW182 localize to MVBs, suggesting these to be sites for assembly and turnover of the miRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC). While RNAi affects HIV replication, it is not clear if the virus encodes a suppressor activity to overcome this innate host response. Here we show that Nef colocalizes with MVBs and binds Ago2 through two highly conserved Glycine-Tryptophan (GW) motifs, mutations in which abolish Nef binding to Ago2 and reduce virus yield and infectivity. Nef also inhibits the slicing activity of Ago2 and disturbs the sorting of GW182 into exosomes resulting in the suppression of miRNA-induced silencing. Thus, besides its other activities, the HIV-1 Nef protein is also proposed to function as a viral suppressor of RNAi (VSR).
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