ArticlePloS one2013
Hyperthyroidism and risk for bipolar disorders: a nationwide population-based study.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of major depression, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with thyroid cancer: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomized study.BMC psychiatry · 2024Trial
- Cognitive Deficit-Related Interhemispheric Asynchrony within the Medial Hub of the Default Mode Network Aids in Classifying the Hyperthyroid Patients.Neural plasticity · 2018Trial
- Level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in patients with acute schizophrenia, unipolar depression or bipolar disorder.Neurochemical research · 2014Trial
- Peripheral biochemical parameters for discrimination between bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder in female patients of reproductive age: a CRP-stratified exploratory study.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- The association between thyroid hormone levels and psychiatric symptoms in patients with mania or depression.Endocrine journal · 2026Article
- Neuroendocrine abnormalities as predictors of suicidal ideation in bipolar disorder patients during depressive episodes: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- An Atlas of Genetic Correlations Between Thyroid Hormone Levels and Human Health-Related Traits.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Mental Health Status of Patients with Thyroid Nodules: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Article
- Psychiatric complications in Graves' disease.European thyroid journal · 2024Article
- Is thyroid dysfunction a cause or a trigger of bipolar disorder? a case report.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Quality of life, social support, and adherence in female patients with thyroid disorders.BMC women's health · 2023Article
- Associations of psychological status and ultrasonic characteristics of thyroid nodules in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Incidence of hyperthyroidism in patients with bipolar or schizoaffective disorder with or without lithium: 21-year follow-up from the LiSIE retrospective cohort study.Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Thyroid Function and Mood Disorders: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2021Article
- The relation between thyroid dysregulation and impaired cognition/behaviour: An integrative review.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2021Review
- Graves' disease and mental disorders.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2020Review
- Comparison of blood lipid profile/thyroid function markers between unipolar and bipolar depressed patients and in depressed patients with anhedonia or suicidal thoughts.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2019Article
- Article
- Medical Comorbidities in Bipolar Disorder.Current psychiatry reports · 2018Review
- Individuals with Hyperthyroidism are More Susceptible to having a Serious Serotonin Syndrome Following MDMA (Ecstasy) Administration in Rats.Annals of forensic research and analysis · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThyroid disorders have long been associated with psychiatric illness, often with symptoms suggestive of mood disorders. The most common clinical features associated with hyperthyroidism are anxiety and depression. The risk of bipolar disorders, especially bipolar mania, among patients with thyroid disorders has not been well characterized.
objectiveWe explored the relationship of hyperthyroidism and the subsequent development of bipolar disorders, and examined the risk factors for bipolar disorders in patients with hyperthyroidism.
methodsWe identified patients who were diagnosed with hyperthyroidism between 2000 and 2010 in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. A comparison cohort without hyperthyroidism was matched based on age, sex, and comorbidities. The occurrence of bipolar disorders was evaluated in both cohorts based on diagnosis and the use of mood stabilizer drugs.
resultsThe hyperthyroidism cohort consisted of 21, 574 patients, and the comparison cohort consisted of 21, 574 matched control patients without hyperthyroidism. The incidence of bipolar disorders (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 2.31, 95% CI 1.80-2.99, P<.001) was higher for the hyperthyroidism patients than the control patients. Multivariate, matched regression models showed that women (HR 2.02, 95% CI 1.34-3.05, P = .001), patients with alcohol use disorders (HR 3.03, 95% CI 1.58-5.79, P = .001), and those with asthma (HR 1.70, 95% CI 1.18-2.43, P = .004) were independent risk factors for the development of bipolar disorders in hyperthyroidism patients.
conclusionsAlthough a possibility that the diagnosis of bipolar disorders in this study actually includes "bipolar disorders due to hyperthyroidism" cannot be excluded, this study suggests that hyperthyroidism may increase the risk of developing bipolar disorders.
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