ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2013
Gold standard program for heavy smokers in a real-life setting.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- IntensiveEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2022Pooled it
- A novel imagery-based retrieval-extinction training for intervention in nicotine addiction.BMC medicine · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Perioperative smoking cessation in vascular surgery: challenges with a randomized controlled trial.Trials · 2015Trial
- Association Between MGMT Promoter Methylation and Clinical and Lifestyle Factors in Glioblastoma: A Single-Center Study in Korea.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Smoking cessation for people with severe mental illness: systematic review and network meta-analysis.BMJ medicine · 2026Article
- Determinants of smoking cessation program completion and continued tobacco use in a referral program in West Virginia: An EHR data analysis from 2018-2023.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2026Article
- Tracking the Variations in Trace and Heavy Elements in Smoking Products Marketed in Oman and Egypt: Risk Assessment After Implementation of Constraining Protocols.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- Article
- Prevalence of germline variants in Brazilian pancreatic carcinoma patients.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Effects of smoking on the severity and transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis: A hospital-based case control study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Nationwide experiences with youth-targeted smoking and nicotine product cessation.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2023Article
- Phenotype of Asthma-COPD Overlap in COPD and Severe Asthma Cohorts.Journal of Korean medical science · 2022Article
- Smoking Cessation Rates among Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis Following the 'Gold Standard Programme' (GSP): A Prospective Analysis from the Danish Smoking Cessation Database.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Changes in Smoking Behavior Before and After Gastric Bypass: A 7-year Study.Annals of surgery · 2022Observational
- Cigarette Smoking as a Predictor of Male DUI Recidivism.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Influence of cigarette smoking on biventricular systolic function independent of respiratory function: a cross-sectional study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2020Observational
- Article
- Effects of cigarette smoking on blood lipids in Korean men: Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center cohort.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHigh-intensity smoking cessation programs generally lead to more continuous abstinence, however, lower rates of success have been reported among heavy smokers. The aim was to evaluate continuous abstinence among heavy smokers during the intensive 6-week Gold Standard Program (GSP) and to identify modifiable factors associated with continuous abstinence.
methodsIn this nationwide clinical study based on 36,550 smokers attending an intensive cessation program in Denmark. Heavy smoking was defined as ≥7 points in the Fagerström Nicotine Dependency Test, smoking ≥20 cigarettes daily or ≥20 pack-years.
resultsOverall, 28% had a Fagerström score ≥7 points, 58% smoked ≥20 cigarettes daily and 68% smoked ≥20 pack-years. Continuous abstinence was 33% in responders (6-months response rate: 78%); however, abstinence was approximately 1-6% lower in the heavy smokers than the overall population. Attending GSP with an individual format (vs. group/other, OR 1.23-1.44); in a hospital setting (vs. pharmacy/municipality services, OR 1.05-1.11); and being compliant (attending the planned meetings OR 4.36-4.89) were associated with abstinence. Abstinence decreased in a dose-dependent manner with increasing smoking severity.
conclusionsAbstinence after GSP was 1-6% lower in the heavy smokers than in the overall study population. Modifiable factors may be used for small improvements in continued abstinence. However attempts to improve compliance seemed especially promising.
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