ArticleBMJ open2013
Sex work and HIV in Cambodia: trajectories of risk and disease in two cohorts of high-risk young women in Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Article in BMJ open, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03117842 (Using a Theory-based SMS/VM Intervention to Improve Sexual and Reproductive Health of Female Entertainment Workers in Cambodia), which is not on this map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Using a Theory-based SMS/VM Intervention to Improve Sexual and Reproductive Health of Female Entertainment Workers in Cambodia: Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- A Mobile Intervention to Link Young Female Entertainment Workers in Cambodia to Health and Gender-Based Violence Services: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Trial
- Cluster randomized stepped-wedge trial of a multi-level HIV prevention intervention to decrease amphetamine-type stimulants and sexual risk in Cambodian female entertainment and sex workers.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Trial
- Trial
- The hepatitis B care cascade among key populations towards global elimination: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2026Article
- Multifactorial drivers of engagement in sex work among Ethiopian women: a multinomial logistic regression approach.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025Article
- Exploring Cambodian adolescents' perceptions on sex: a qualitative investigation.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2024Article
- Article
- The Use of Information and Communication Technologies by Sex Workers to Manage Occupational Health and Safety: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2021Article
- Recent HIV testing and associated factors among people who use drugs in Cambodia: a national cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Joint effects of alcohol and stimulant use disorders on self-reported sexually transmitted infections in a prospective study of Cambodian female entertainment and sex workers.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2021Article
- Experiences and challenges of Prostitute Women in Iran: A phenomenological qualitative study.Heliyon · 2020Article
- Syndemic Psychosocial Health Conditions Associated with Recent Client-Perpetrated Violence Against Female Entertainment and Sex Workers in Cambodia.Archives of sexual behavior · 2020Article
- Who's that SMARTgirl? Reaching Cambodian Female Entertainment and Sex Workers with HIV Prevention Services.AIDS and behavior · 2020Article
- Article
- Proportion and predictors of loss to follow-up in a longitudinal cohort study of female entertainment and sex workers in Cambodia.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2018Article
- High pregnancy incidence and low contraceptive use among a prospective cohort of female entertainment and sex workers in Phnom Penh, Cambodia.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2018Observational
- Article
- Trends in unprotected intercourse among heterosexual men before and after brothel ban in Siem Reap, Cambodia: a serial cross-sectional study (2003-2012).BMC public health · 2018Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesHIV prevalence among Cambodian female sex workers (FSW) is among the highest in Southeast Asia. We describe HIV prevalence and associated risk exposures in FSW sampled serially in Phnom Penh, Cambodia (Young Women's Health Study (YWHS)), before and after the implementation of a new law designed to combat human trafficking and sexual exploitation.
designCross-sectional analysis of baseline data from two prospective cohorts.
settingCommunity-based study in Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
participantsWomen aged 15-29 years, reporting ≥2 sexual partners in the last month and/or engaged in transactional sex in the last 3 months, were enrolled in the studies in 2007 (N=161; YWHS-1), and 2009 (N=220; YWHS-2) following information sessions where 285 and 345 women attended. PRIMARY OUTCOMES: HIV prevalence, sexual risk behaviour, amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) and alcohol use, and work-related factors were compared in the two groups, enrolled before and after implementation of the new law.
resultsParticipants in the two cohorts were similar in age (median 25 years), but YWHS-2 women reported fewer sex partners, more alcohol use and less ATS use. A higher proportion of YWHS-2 compared with YWHS-1 women worked in entertainment-based venues (68% vs 31%, respectively). HIV prevalence was significantly lower in the more recently sampled women: 9.2% (95% CI 4.5% to 13.8%) vs 23% (95% CI 16.5% to 29.7%).
conclusionsSex work context and risk have shifted among young FSW in Phnom Penh, following implementation of anti-prostitution and anti-trafficking laws. While both cohorts were recruited using the same eligibility criteria, more recently sampled women had lower prevalence of sexual risk and HIV infection. Women engaging more directly in transactional sex have become harder to sample and access. Future prevention research and programmes need to consider how new policies and demographic changes in FSW impact HIV transmission.
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