ArticleCytokine2013
Comparison of the immune microenvironment of the oral cavity and cervix in healthy women.
Article in Cytokine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Immunomodulatory Effects of Medicinal Plants.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Oral Innate Immunity and the Role of Oral Epithelial Cells.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Effects of Ellagic Acid on Vaginal Innate Immune Mediators and HPV16 Infection In Vitro.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Cervical and oral human papillomavirus infection in women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and matched HIV-negative controls in Brazil.Infectious agents and cancer · 2020Article
- Oral sampling methods are associated with differences in immune marker concentrations.The Laryngoscope · 2018Article
- Variable Selection for Skewed Model-Based Clustering: Application to the Identification of Novel Sleep Phenotypes.Journal of the American Statistical Association · 2018Article
- The Natural History of Oral Human Papillomavirus in Young Costa Rican Women.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2017Article
- Seminal plasma induces inflammation and enhances HIV-1 replication in human cervical tissue explants.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- Comorbidities associated with HIV and antiretroviral therapy (clinical sciences): a workshop report.Oral diseases · 2016Article
- Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections Are Associated With an Increase in Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and a T-Helper Type 2 Cytokine Signature in Cervical Fluids.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2016Article
- Concurrence of oral and genital human papillomavirus infection in healthy men: a population-based cross-sectional study in rural China.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Prevalence of tonsillar human papillomavirus infections in Denmark.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2015Article
- The role of sexual behavior in head and neck cancer: implications for prevention and therapy.Expert review of anticancer therapy · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDespite similar frequencies of exposure, the low prevalence of certain sexually transmitted infections such as Chlamydia, HPV and HIV-1 in the oral cavity relative to the cervix is poorly understood. This could be explained in part by differences in host immune microenvironments between these two anatomic sites.
objectiveWe compared the concentration and correlation of 27 different immune markers in paired secretion specimens collected from the oral and cervical mucosa of healthy women.
methodsPaired oral and cervical secretion specimens were collected from thirty-nine women. The concentration of twenty-seven different immune markers was estimated using a Luminex multiplex assay. Marker concentration was normalized to total protein present in the specimen. Median immune marker concentrations were compared across anatomic sites. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis was utilized to identify groups of markers that shared similar patterns of relative concentrations across anatomic sites.
resultsThe oral cavity had significantly higher concentrations of eotaxin, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-7, IL-9, IL-13, IL-15, PDGF-BB, TNF-α, (p<0.01 for each) while the cervix had higher concentrations of pro-inflammatory markers such as FGF-basic, IL-1ra, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IP-10, G-CSF, GM-CSF, MCP-1, MIP-1β, VEGF (p<0.01 for each). Hierarchical cluster analysis identified two groups of immune markers comprised of T-cell related immune markers with significantly higher concentrations in the oral cavity relative to the cervix, and a third cluster consisting of mostly inflammatory immune markers which were higher concentrations in the cervix. The oral cavity had a larger number of significant inter-marker correlations as compared to the cervix.
conclusionsThe oral cavity and cervix have significantly different immune marker profiles, which may in part explain the significantly lower burden of sexually transmitted infections such as Chlamydia, HPV, and HIV-1 in the oral cavity vs. the cervix.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.