ArticlePloS one2013
Cryptococcus gattii in the United States: genotypic diversity of human and veterinary isolates.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 47 papers.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical Phenotypes, Immunosuppressive Exposures, and Outcomes in Pulmonary vs Extrapulmonary Cryptococcosis Among Non-HIV, Non-Transplant Adults: A U.S. Claims Analysis.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Molecular epidemiological investigation ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Cryptococcal Meningoencephalitis in Phenotypically Normal Patients.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Genotypic Diversity and Antifungal Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of Cryptococcus Gattii Species Complex from Argentina.Mycopathologia · 2023Article
- Global Analyses of Multi-Locus Sequence Typing Data Reveal Geographic Differentiation, Hybridization, and Recombination in theJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A Fatal Fungal Infection:Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Molecular type distribution and fluconazole susceptibility of clinical Cryptococcus gattii isolates from South African laboratory-based surveillance, 2005-2013.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- A Possible Link between the Environment andInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Molecular epidemiology and microbiological characteristics of Cryptococcus gattii VGII isolates from China.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- MSG07: An International Cohort Study Comparing Epidemiology and Outcomes of Patients With Cryptococcus neoformans or Cryptococcus gattii Infections.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Discovery of 5-Nitro-6-thiocyanatopyrimidines as Inhibitors ofACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2021Article
- Multilocus Sequence Typing of Clinical Isolates of Cryptococcus from India.Mycopathologia · 2021Article
- What Are the Best Parents for Hybrid Progeny? An Investigation into the Human Pathogenic FungusJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Review
- Article
- A case ofIDCases · 2021Article
- Population diversity and virulence characteristics of Cryptococcus neoformans/C. gattii species complexes isolated during the pre-HIV-pandemic era.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Emerging Cryptococcus gattii species complex infections in Guangxi, southern China.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Clinical and microbiological characteristics of Cryptococcus gattii isolated from 7 hospitals in China.BMC microbiology · 2020Article
- Expansion of the Emerging Fungal PathogenFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCryptococcusgattii infections are being reported in the United States (US) with increasing frequency. Initially, US reports were primarily associated with an ongoing C. gattii outbreak in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) states of Washington and Oregon, starting in 2004. However, reports of C. gattii infections in patients from other US states have been increasing since 2009. Whether this is due to increasing frequency of disease, greater recognition within the clinical community, or both is currently unknown. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsDuring 2005-2013, a total of 273 C. gattii isolates from human and veterinary sources in 16 US states were collected. Of these, 214 (78%) were from the Pacific Northwest (PNW) and comprised primarily the clonal C. gattii genotypes VGIIa (64%), VGIIc (21%) and VGIIb (9%). The 59 isolates from outside the PNW were predominantly molecular types VGIII (44%) and VGI (41%). Genotyping using multilocus sequence typing revealed small clusters, including a cluster of VGI isolates from the southeastern US, and an unrelated cluster of VGI isolates and a large cluster of VGIII isolates from California. Most of the isolates were mating type MATα, including all of the VGII isolates, but one VGI and three VGIII isolates were mating type MATa. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: We provide the most comprehensive report to date of genotypic diversity of US C. gattii isolates both inside and outside of the PNW. C. gattii may have multiple endemic regions in the US, including a previously-unrecognized endemic region in the southeast. Regional clusters exist both in California and the Southeastern US. VGII strains associated with the PNW outbreak do not appear to have spread substantially beyond the PNW.
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