Trial reportPediatrics2013
Vitamin D₃supplementation and childhood diarrhea: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in Pediatrics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-dose oral vitamin D supplementation for prevention of infections in children aged 0 to 59 months: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Nutrition reviews · 2024Pooled it
- The relationship of vitamin D deficiency and childhood diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Vitamin DBMC infectious diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Vitamin D intakes and health outcomes in infants and preschool children: Summary of an evidence report.Annals of medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Vitamin D supplementation for preventing infections in children under five years of age.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Risk factors associated with recurrent diarrheal illnesses among children in Kabul, Afghanistan: a prospective cohort study.PloS one · 2015Trial
- Suboptimal Vitamin D Status Is Associated withNutrients · 2026Article
- A new method for dealing with collider bias in the PWP model for recurrent events in randomized controlled trials.BMC medical research methodology · 2025Article
- Vitamin D Deficiency (VDD) and Benefits of Supplementation in Veterans with IBS-D.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Vitamin D prophylaxis in infancy.BMC pediatrics · 2021Review
- Asymptomatic Intestinal Parasitic Infestations among Children Under Five Years in Selected Communities in the Ho Municipality, Ghana.Ethiopian journal of health sciences · 2020Article
- Evidence for possible association of vitamin D status with cytokine storm and unregulated inflammation in COVID-19 patients.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2020Article
- Multisector nutrition gains amidst evidence scarcity: scoping review of policies, data and interventions to reduce child stunting in Afghanistan.Health research policy and systems · 2020Article
- Occurrence of infections in schoolchildren subsequent to supplementation with vitamin D-calcium or zinc: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Nutrition research and practice · 2020Article
- Vitamin D in pediatric age: consensus of the Italian Pediatric Society and the Italian Society of Preventive and Social Pediatrics, jointly with the Italian Federation of Pediatricians.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2018Review
- Vitamin-D deficiency predicts infections in young north Indian children: A secondary data analysis.PloS one · 2017Article
- Article
- Vitamin-D status is not a confounder of the relationship between zinc and diarrhoea: a study in 6-24-month-old underweight and normal-weight children of urban Bangladesh.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2016Article
- Serum levels of vitamins A and D, and zinc in children with acute diarrhea: A cross-sectional study.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on the incidence and risk for first and recurrent diarrheal illnesses among children in Kabul, Afghanistan.
methodsThis double-blind placebo-controlled trial randomized 3046 high-risk 1- to 11-month-old infants to receive 6 quarterly doses of oral vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol 100000 IU) or placebo in inner city Kabul. Data on diarrheal episodes (≥ 3 loose/liquid stools in 24 hours) was gathered through active and passive surveillance over 18 months of follow-up. Time to first diarrheal illness was analyzed by using Kaplan-Meier plots. Incidence rates and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated by using recurrent event Poisson regression models.
resultsNo significant difference existed in survival time to first diarrheal illness (log rank P = .55). The incidences of diarrheal episodes were 3.43 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.28-3.59) and 3.59 per child-year (95% CI, 3.44-3.76) in the placebo and intervention arms, respectively. Vitamin D3 supplementation was found to have no effect on the risk for recurrent diarrheal disease in either intention-to-treat (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.98-1.17; P = .15) or per protocol (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.98-1.12; P = .14) analyses. The lack of preventive benefit remained when the randomized population was stratified by age groups, nutritional status, and seasons.
conclusionsQuarterly supplementation with vitamin D3 conferred no reduction on time to first illness or on the risk for recurrent diarrheal disease in this study. Similar supplementation to comparable populations is not recommended. Additional research in alternative settings may be helpful in elucidating the role of vitamin D3 supplementation for prevention of diarrheal diseases.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.