ArticlePloS one2013
Region specific response of intervertebral disc cells to complex dynamic loading: an organ culture study using a dynamic torsion-compression bioreactor.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Complex Mechanical Loading and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.JOR spine · 2026Article
- Combined Flexion, Torsion and Compression Drive Distinct Intervertebral Disc Failure Mechanisms Under Asymmetric, High-Cycle Loading.JOR spine · 2026Article
- The Biomechanical Landscape of Lumbar Disc Herniation: Mechanobiological Insights Into Injury and Regeneration.Neurospine · 2026Review
- Multiaxial rotational loading compromises the transition zone of the intervertebral disc: Ex vivo study using next-generation bioreactors.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2025Article
- SiACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2025Article
- Do we know more about the mechanobiology of the intervertebral disc in space than on Earth?JOR spine · 2025Article
- Design and construction of a low-cost compressive loading and perfusion flow bioreactor.HardwareX · 2024Article
- Understanding the etiopathogenesis of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation: From clinical evidence to basic scientific research.JOR spine · 2024Review
- Soft bioreactor systems: a necessary step toward engineered MSK soft tissue?Frontiers in robotics and AI · 2024Review
- Article
- The role of biomechanical factors in models of intervertebral disc degeneration across multiple length scales.APL bioengineering · 2023Review
- Aging, cell senescence, the pathogenesis and targeted therapies of intervertebral disc degeneration.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Increase in serum nerve growth factor but not intervertebral disc degeneration following whole-body vibration in rats.Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon) · 2022Article
- Inhibition of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway reduces the inflammatory component in nucleus pulposus cells.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2022Article
- Integration of clinical perspective into biomimetic bioreactor design for orthopedics.Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials · 2022Review
- Immuno-Modulatory Effects of Intervertebral Disc Cells.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- In Situ Cell Signalling of the Hippo-YAP/TAZ Pathway in Reaction to Complex Dynamic Loading in an Intervertebral Disc Organ Culture.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Comparison of the differentiation abilities of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells toward nucleus pulposus-like cells in three-dimensional culture.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
- Article
- The effects of 3D culture on the expansion and maintenance of nucleus pulposus progenitor cell multipotency.JOR spine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The spine is routinely subjected to repetitive complex loading consisting of axial compression, torsion, flexion and extension. Mechanical loading is one of the important causes of spinal diseases, including disc herniation and disc degeneration. It is known that static and dynamic compression can lead to progressive disc degeneration, but little is known about the mechanobiology of the disc subjected to combined dynamic compression and torsion. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the mechanobiology of the intervertebral disc when subjected to combined dynamic compression and axial torsion or pure dynamic compression or axial torsion using organ culture. We applied four different loading modalities [1. control: no loading (NL), 2. cyclic compression (CC), 3. cyclic torsion (CT), and 4. combined cyclic compression and torsion (CCT)] on bovine caudal disc explants using our custom made dynamic loading bioreactor for disc organ culture. Loads were applied for 8 h/day and continued for 14 days, all at a physiological magnitude and frequency. Our results provided strong evidence that complex loading induced a stronger degree of disc degeneration compared to one degree of freedom loading. In the CCT group, less than 10% nucleus pulposus (NP) cells survived the 14 days of loading, while cell viabilities were maintained above 70% in the NP of all the other three groups and in the annulus fibrosus (AF) of all the groups. Gene expression analysis revealed a strong up-regulation in matrix genes and matrix remodeling genes in the AF of the CCT group. Cell apoptotic activity and glycosaminoglycan content were also quantified but there were no statistically significant differences found. Cell morphology in the NP of the CCT was changed, as shown by histological evaluation. Our results stress the importance of complex loading on the initiation and progression of disc degeneration.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.