ArticleFertility and sterility2013
Ovulation-inducing drugs and ovarian cancer risk: results from an extended follow-up of a large United States infertility cohort.
Article in Fertility and sterility, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between ovarian tumors and exposure to assisted reproductive technologies and ovarian stimulation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Pooled it
- Ovulation induction drug and ovarian cancer: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of ovarian research · 2023Pooled it
- Risk of ovarian cancer in women treated with ovarian stimulating drugs for infertility.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- PCOS and breast cancer risk: hormonal modulation and epidemiological trends.Reproductive health · 2026Review
- Epidemiology and risk factors for ovarian cancer incidence in the USA: a multilevel analysis.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- Infertility and Risk of Ovarian Cancer in the Women's Health Initiative.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Development and evaluation of novel krill oil-based clomiphene microemulsion as a therapeutic strategy for PCOS treatment.Drug delivery and translational research · 2023Article
- Epidemiology and risk factors for ovarian cancer.Przeglad menopauzalny = Menopause review · 2023Review
- Risk of ovarian cancer in women who give birth after assisted reproductive technology (ART)-a registry-based Nordic cohort study with follow-up from first pregnancy.British journal of cancer · 2023Article
- Strong Evidences of the Ovarian Carcinoma Risk in Women after IVF Treatment: A Review Article.Iranian journal of public health · 2019Review
- Do the Fertility Drugs Increase the Risk of Cancer? A Review Study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Review
- Assessment of Laser Biostimulation in Induction of Ovulation.Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences · 2018Article
- Safety of clomiphene citrate: a literature review.Cytotechnology · 2018Review
- Use of fertility medications and cancer risk: a review and update.Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology · 2017Review
- Cancer Risk in Women Treated with Fertility Drugs According to Parity Status-A Registry-based Cohort Study.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2017Article
- The risk of female malignancies after fertility treatments: a cohort study with 25-year follow-up.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2016Article
- Polycystic ovary syndrome and risk of endometrial, ovarian, and breast cancer: a systematic review.Fertility research and practice · 2016Review
- Cancer in women after assisted reproductive technology.Fertility and sterility · 2015Article
- Effects of fertility drugs on cancers other than breast and gynecologic malignancies.Fertility and sterility · 2015Article
- Cancer risk among parous women following assisted reproductive technology.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine the relationship of ovulation-inducing drugs and ovarian cancer.
designRetrospective cohort study, with additional follow-up since initial report.
settingFive large reproductive endocrinology practices. PATIENT(S): In a retrospective cohort of 9,825 women evaluated for infertility at five clinical sites in the United States between 1965 and 1988 with follow-up through 2010, we examined the relationship of ovulation-inducing drugs and ovarian cancer (n = 85). INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Hazard rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for ovarian cancer. RESULT(S): Among women evaluated for infertility, there was no association of ovarian cancer risk with ever use of clomiphene citrate (CC) (adjusted RR 1.34, 95% CI 0.86-2.07) or gonadotropins (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.48-2.08) and no evidence that any of several more detailed subgroups of usage were related to an increased risk with one exception: women who used CC and remained nulligravid did demonstrate much higher risks than those who successfully conceived compared with nonusers (respectively, RR 3.63, 95% CI 1.36-9.72 vs. RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.47-1.63). CONCLUSION(S): Our overall results were reassuring and consistent with other studies. A reason for an association between CC use and ovarian cancer among persistently nulligravid women remains to be determined. Given the large and increasing number of women treated with ovulation-inducing drugs, the increased risk of ovarian cancer among the subset of women who remained nulligravid should be further monitored.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.