ArticleBiomolecules & therapeutics2013
Activation of Autophagy Pathway Suppresses the Expression of iNOS, IL6 and Cell Death of LPS-Stimulated Microglia Cells.
Article in Biomolecules & therapeutics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rapamycin treatment for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: a pilot phase 1 clinical trial.Communications medicine · 2025Article
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- Alleviation of Autophagic Deficits and Neuroinflammation by Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonist E159 Ameliorates Autism-Related Behaviors inPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Bafilomycin 1A Affects p62/SQSTM1 Autophagy Marker Protein Level and Autophagosome Puncta Formation Oppositely under Various Inflammatory Conditions in Cultured Rat Microglial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Polyphyllin I alleviates neuroinflammation after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via facilitating autophagy-mediated M2 microglial polarization.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Chitosan-Rapamycin Carbon Dots Alleviate Glaucomatous Retinal Injury by Inducing Autophagy to Promote M2 Microglial Polarization.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Resolvin D1 attenuates depressive-like behavior in LPS-challenged mice by promoting microglial autophagy.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Article
- HCK induces macrophage activation to promote renal inflammation and fibrosis via suppression of autophagy.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Small molecule inhibiting microglial nitric oxide release could become a potential treatment for neuroinflammation.PloS one · 2023Article
- Regulation of microglia polarization after cerebral ischemia.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Review
- ROS-AMPK/mTOR-dependent enterocyte autophagy is involved in the regulation ofFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Microglia dynamics in aging-related neurobehavioral and neuroinflammatory diseases.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Review
- Autophagy modulation in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2022Review
- Unravelling the Inflammatory Processes in the Early Stages of Diabetic Nephropathy and the Potential Effect of (International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- TRPV1 Suppressed NLRP3 Through Regulating Autophagy in Microglia After Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2022Article
- Perinatal exposure to synergistic multiple stressors leads to cellular and behavioral deficits mimicking Schizophrenia-like pathology.Biology open · 2022Article
- The dual roles of autophagy and the GPCRs-mediating autophagy signaling pathway after cerebral ischemic stroke.Molecular brain · 2022Review
- Effect of pyrroloquinoline quinone on lipopolysaccharide-induced autophagy in HAPI microglia cells.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
- NADPH-Oxidase, Rho-Kinase and Autophagy Mediate the (Pro)renin-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Microglial Response and Enhancement of Dopaminergic Neuron Death.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microglia play a role in maintaining and resolving brain tissue homeostasis. In pathological conditions, microglia release pro-inflammatory cytokines and cytotoxic factors, which aggravate the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Autophagy pathway might be involved in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cytotoxic factors in microglia, though details of the mechanism remain largely unknown. In the present study, we examined the role of the autophagy pathway in activated BV2 microglia cells. In BV2 cells, rapamycin treatment activated the formation of anti-LC3-labeled autophagosomes, whereas the ATG5 depletion using siRNA-ATG5 prevented the formation of LC3-labeled autophagosomes, indicating that BV2 cells exhibit an active classical autophagy system. When treated with LPS, BV2 cells expressed an increase of anti-LC3-labeled dots. The levels of LC3-labeled dots were not suppressed, instead tended to be enhanced, by the inhibition of the autophagy pathway with siRNA-ATG5 or wortmannin, suggesting that LPS-induced LC3-labeled dots in nature were distinct from the typical autophagosomes. The levels of LPS-induced expression of iNOS and IL6 were suppressed by treatment with rapamycin, and conversely, their expressions were enhanced by siRNA-ATG5 treatment. Moreover, the activation of the autophagy pathway using rapamycin inhibited cell death of LPS-stimulated microglia. These results suggest that although microglia possess a typical autophagy pathway, the glial cells express a non-typical autophagy pathway in response to LPS, and the activation of the autophagy pathway suppresses the expression of iNOS and IL6, and the cell death of LPS-stimulated microglia.
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