Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24008905›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of epidemiology2013

Reproductive factors, exogenous hormones, and pancreatic cancer risk in the CTS.

Eunjung Lee, Pamela L Horn-Ross, Rudolph P Rull, Susan L Neuhausen, Hoda Anton-Culver, Giske Ursin, Katherine D Henderson, Leslie Bernstein

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of epidemiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Association of Menopausal Hormone Therapy with Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2023
    Pooled it
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  7. Vitamin E intake and pancreatic cancer risk: a meta-analysis of observational studies.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2015
    Pooled it
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  11. Review
  12. DNA Damage and Repair in Pancreatic Cancer-The Latest Findings.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  13. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Eunjung Lee
Pamela L Horn-Ross
Rudolph P Rull
Susan L Neuhausen
Hoda Anton-Culver
Giske Ursin
Katherine D Henderson
Leslie Bernstein
City Of Hope National Medical Center · USCancer Registry of Norway · NOSouthern California University for Professional Studies · USStanford University · USUniversity of California, Irvine · USUniversity of Nevada, Reno · US

Funding

CALIFORNIA TEACHERS STUDYR01CA077398 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI BERNSTEIN, LESLIE · 1998 to 2014
$29.7M
Research and Mentoring on Energetic Factors and Cancer: Established InvestigatorK05CA136967 · NCI · BECKMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE/CITY OF HOPE · PI BERNSTEIN, LESLIE · 2009 to 2013
$684k
NCI NIH HHS K05 CA136967NCI NIH HHS N01 PC035136NCI NIH HHS N01 PC035139NCI NIH HHS N01-PC-35136NCI NIH HHS N01-PC-35139NCI NIH HHS N02 PC015105NCI NIH HHS R01 CA077398NCI NIH HHS R01 CA77398PHS HHS U55/CCR921930-02
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Female steroid hormones are hypothesized to play a protective role in pancreatic cancer risk. However, results from epidemiologic studies that examined hormone-related exposures have been inconsistent. The California Teachers Study is a cohort study of female public school professionals that was established in 1995-1996. Of the 118,164 eligible study participants, 323 women were diagnosed with incident invasive pancreatic cancer through December 31, 2009. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression methods were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association of pancreatic cancer risk with reproductive factors and exogenous hormone use. Current users of estrogen-only therapy at baseline (1995-1996) had a lower risk of pancreatic cancer than did participants who had never used hormone therapy (hazard ratio = 0.59, 95% confidence interval: 0.42, 0.84). Use of estrogen-plus-progestin therapy was not associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer. A longer duration of oral contraceptive use (≥10 years of use compared with never use) was associated with an increased risk of cancer (hazard ratio = 1.72, 95% confidence interval: 1.19, 2.49). Reproductive factors, including age at menarche, parity, breastfeeding, and age at menopause, were not associated with pancreatic cancer risk. Our results suggest that increased estrogen exposure through estrogen-only therapy may reduce pancreatic cancer risk in women.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAge FactorsBreast FeedingCaliforniaContraceptives, Oral, HormonalDose-Response Relationship, DrugEstrogen Replacement TherapyEstrogensFemaleHumansMenarcheMenopauseMiddle AgedPancreatic NeoplasmsParityContraceptives, Oral, HormonalEstrogensProgestinshormone therapyoral contraceptivespancreatic cancer

Identifiers

PMID24008905
PMCPMC3813312
OpenAlexW2129132194

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.