ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2013
Cortical balance of excitation and inhibition is regulated by the rate of synaptic activity.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular and neuropathological determinants of neuronal dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Compensatory Regulation of Excitation/Inhibition Balance in the Ventral Hippocampus: Insights from Fragile X Syndrome.Biology · 2025Review
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- Modeling cortical synaptic effects of anesthesia and their cholinergic reversal.PLoS computational biology · 2022Article
- Oscillatory beta/alpha band modulations: A potential biomarker of functional language and motor recovery in chronic stroke?Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Review
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- Rapid Cortical Adaptation and the Role of Thalamic Synchrony during Wakefulness.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Article
- Neuronal circuits overcome imbalance in excitation and inhibition by adjusting connection numbers.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Relevance of Cortical and Hippocampal Interneuron Functional Diversity to General Anesthetic Mechanisms: A Narrative Review.Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience · 2021Review
- Environmental enrichment shapes striatal spike-timing-dependent plasticity in vivo.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Article
- Complex Dynamics of Propagating Waves in a Two-Dimensional Neural Field.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2019Article
- E-I balance emerges naturally from continuous Hebbian learning in autonomous neural networks.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Effective Connectivity Measured Using Optogenetically Evoked Hemodynamic Signals Exhibits Topography Distinct from Resting State Functional Connectivity in the Mouse.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2018Article
- Article
- Diverse effects of stimulus history in waking mouse auditory cortex.Journal of neurophysiology · 2017Article
- High-velocity stimulation evokes "dense" population response in layer 2/3 vibrissal cortex.Journal of neurophysiology · 2017Article
- Article
- Review
- A novel method for classifying cortical state to identify the accompanying changes in cerebral hemodynamics.Journal of neuroscience methods · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cortical activity is determined by the balance between excitation and inhibition. To examine how shifts in brain activity affect this balance, we recorded spontaneous excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs into layer 4 neurons from rat somatosensory cortex while altering the depth of anesthesia. The rate of excitatory and inhibitory events was reduced by ∼50% when anesthesia was deepened. However, whereas both the amplitude and width of inhibitory synaptic events profoundly increased under deep anesthesia, those of excitatory events were unaffected. These effects were found using three different types of anesthetics, suggesting that they are caused by the network state and not by local specific action of the anesthetics. To test our hypothesis that the size of inhibitory events increased because of the decreased rate of synaptic activity under deep anesthesia, we blocked cortical excitation and replayed the slow and fast patterns of inhibitory inputs using intracortical electrical stimulation. Evoked inhibition was larger under low-frequency stimulation, and, importantly, this change occurred regardless of the depth of anesthesia. Hence, shifts in the balance between excitation and inhibition across distinct states of cortical activity can be explained by the rate of inhibitory inputs combined with their short-term plasticity properties, regardless of the actual global brain activity.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.