ReviewThe Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology2014
Benefits of cetalkonium chloride cationic oil-in-water nanoemulsions for topical ophthalmic drug delivery.
Review in The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed.
- A phase III study comparing preservative-free latanoprost eye drop emulsion with preserved latanoprost in open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.Eye (London, England) · 2025Trial
- Cationic nanoemulsion vs. 0.15% sodium hyaluronate artificial tears in the healing process following modern surface keratorefractive surgery.European journal of ophthalmology · 2023Trial
- Efficacy and safety of 0.1% ciclosporin A cationic emulsion in dry eye disease: a pooled analysis of two double-masked, randomised, vehicle-controlled phase III clinical studies.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2019Trial
- One-Year Efficacy and Safety of 0.1% Cyclosporine a Cationic Emulsion in the Treatment of Severe Dry Eye Disease.European journal of ophthalmology · 2017Trial
- Dry Eye Disease: From Mechanisms to Management and Future Directions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Dual-functional nanoparticle formulations for simultaneous intraocular pressure reduction and neuroprotection in glaucoma: a review.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2026Review
- Advances in the management of ocular anterior segment diseases using biomaterials-based drug delivery systems.Journal of biomaterials applications · 2026Review
- Simvastatin is delivered to the brain by high-strength intranasal cationic SMEDDS and nanoemulsions.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Article
- In Vitro Toxicity of Cetalkonium Chloride on Corneal Epithelial Cells.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of 0.1% Cyclosporine a Cationic Emulsion for Treating Dry Eye Disease After Cataract Surgery Analyzed Using a Placido Tear Film Analyzer.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Clinical efficacy of 0.1% cyclosporine A in dry eye patients with inadequate responses to 0.05% cyclosporine A: a switching, prospective, open-label, multicenter study.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- The evolving role of ciclosporin in the management of vernal keratoconjunctivitis.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Cyclosporine a in the treatment of dry eye disease: a narrative review.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Nanoemulsions Based Therapeutic Strategies: Enhancing Targeted Drug Delivery against Breast Cancer Cells.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in Cationic Nanoemulsions for Drug Delivery: Preparation, Properties, and Applications.Current pharmaceutical design · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in Nanotechnology for the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Microscopic and Biopharmaceutical Evaluation of Emulsion and Self-Emulsifying Oil with Cyclosporine.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A quality by design approach for the synthesis of palmitoyl-L-carnitine-loaded nanoemulsions as drug delivery systems.Drug delivery · 2023Article
- Research progress of ophthalmic preparations of immunosuppressants.Drug delivery · 2023Review
- Nanotechnology-based ocular drug delivery systems: recent advances and future prospects.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTopical ocular administration is the most convenient route of administration of drugs for the treatment of eye diseases. However, the bioavailability of drugs following eye instillations of eye drops is very low. Over the past 20 years, extensive efforts have been put into research to improve drug bioavailability without compromising treatment compliance and patients' quality of life. KEY
findingsOne of the most efficient ways to improve drug bioavailability is to increase the precorneal residence time of the eye drop formulations. As a result, new eye drops, with bioadhesive properties, have been developed based on the cationic oil-in-water (o/w) nanoemulsion technology. These low viscosity eye drop nanoemulsions have improved precorneal residence time through the electrostatic interactions between the positively charged oil nanodroplets and the negatively charged ocular surface epithelium. SUMMARY: This review is the first to present the benefits of this new strategy used to improve ocular drug bioavailability. The roles of the cationic agent in the stabilization of a safe cationic o/w nanoemulsion have been discussed, as well as the unexpected benefits of the cationic o/w nanoemulsion for the protection and restoration of a healthy tear film and corneal epithelium.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.