Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23998903›Full record

ArticleChemical biology & drug design2014

Crystallographic fragment-based drug discovery: use of a brominated fragment library targeting HIV protease.

Theresa Tiefenbrunn, Stefano Forli, Meaghan Happer, Ana Gonzalez, Yingssu Tsai, Michael Soltis, John H Elder, Arthur J Olson, Charles D Stout

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Chemical biology & drug design, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Elasticity-Associated Functionality and Inhibition of the HIV Protease.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022
    Article
  11. Fragment-Based Discovery of Novel Allosteric MEK1 Binders.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2021
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Proteases: Pivot Points in Functional Proteomics.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2019
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Contemporary Use of Anomalous Diffraction in Biomolecular Structure Analysis.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2017
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Theresa TiefenbrunnDepartment of Integrative Computational and Structural Biology, TSRI, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA, USA.
Stefano Forli
Meaghan Happer
Ana Gonzalez
Yingssu Tsai
Michael Soltis
John H Elder
Arthur J Olson
Charles D Stout

Funding

ZWITTERION SURFACTANT DDMAB FOR IMPROV STABIL OF PROTEINP41RR001209 · NCRR · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI GONZALEZ, ANA M · 1985 to 2011
$38.9M
X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) pp.711-759P41GM103393 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI HODGSON, KEITH O · 2012 to 2019
$30.6M
Project 9P50GM103368 · NIGMS · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI ARNOLD, EDWARD · 2012 to 2016
$20.0M
AutoDock Suite: Next Generation Environment for Drug DesignR01GM069832 · NIGMS · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI FORLI, STEFANO · 2004 to 2025
$10.9M
STRUCTURE-BASED MECHANISMS FOR RESISTANCE TO PROTEASE INHIBITORSP01GM083658 · NIGMS · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI OLSON, ARTHUR J. · 2008 to 2012
$9.6M
MOLECULAR BASIS OF VIRAL PATHOGENESIST32AI007354 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI DE LA TORRE, JUAN C. · 1989 to 2020
$5.2M
NCRR NIH HHS P41 RR001209NIAID NIH HHS 2T32 AI007354NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007354NIGMS NIH HHS P01 GM083658NIGMS NIH HHS P01 GM083658-05NIGMS NIH HHS P41 GM103393NIGMS NIH HHS P50 GM103368NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM069832
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A library of 68 brominated fragments was screened against a new crystal form of inhibited HIV-1 protease in order to probe surface sites in soaking experiments. Often, fragments are weak binders with partial occupancy, resulting in weak, difficult-to-fit electron density. The use of a brominated fragment library addresses this challenge, as bromine can be located unequivocally via anomalous scattering. Data collection was carried out in an automated fashion using AutoDrug at SSRL. Novel hits were identified in the known surface sites: 3-bromo-2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid (Br6) in the flap site and 1-bromo-2-naphthoic acid (Br27) in the exosite, expanding the chemistry of known fragments for development of higher affinity potential allosteric inhibitors. At the same time, mapping the binding sites of a number of weaker binding Br-fragments provides further insight into the nature of these surface pockets.

Indexed as

Allosteric RegulationBinding SitesBromineCrystallography, X-RayDrug Evaluation, PreclinicalHIV-1HIV ProteaseHumansHydroxybenzoate EthersMolecular Docking SimulationNaphthalenesProtease InhibitorsProtein BindingProtein Structure, TertiaryRecombinant ProteinsSmall Molecule Libraries2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid2-naphthoic acidBromineHIV ProteaseHydroxybenzoate EthersNaphthalenesp16 protease, Human immunodeficiency virus 1Protease InhibitorsRecombinant ProteinsSmall Molecule Librariesfragment bindingHIV proteasestructure-based drug designX-ray crystallography

Identifiers

PMID23998903
PMCPMC3898673

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.