ReviewCritical care (London, England)2013
Bench-to-bedside review: Natural killer cells in sepsis - guilty or not guilty?
Review in Critical care (London, England), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Age but not sex modifies lymphoid immune responses in murine sepsis.Research square · 2026Article
- Age-related differences and common pathways of lymphocyte subsets in sepsis: a comparative review of elderly and pediatric patients.Cell death & disease · 2026Review
- NLRC4 deficiency improves host protection during sepsis by regulating macrophage and T-cell responses.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Molecular analysis of immune cell subsets and cytokine profiles in septic Vietnamese patients.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Dynamic changes of natural killer cell immunophenotypes and receptors according to the mortality in the intra-abdominal murine sepsis model.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of sepsis-induced acute liver injury: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Review
- Natural killer cells in sepsis: Friends or foes?Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- High levels of circulating GM-CSFCellular & molecular immunology · 2019Article
- Dual Deletion of the Sirtuins SIRT2 and SIRT3 Impacts on Metabolism and Inflammatory Responses of Macrophages and Protects From Endotoxemia.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Morphological Characteristics of the Thymus and Spleen and the Subpopulation Composition of Lymphocytes in Peripheral Blood during Systemic Inflammatory Response in Male Rats with Different Resistance to Hypoxia.International journal of inflammation · 2019Article
- The Role of O-Antigen in LPS-Induced Activation of Human NK Cells.Journal of immunology research · 2019Article
- When and how NK cell-induced programmed cell death benefits immunological protection against intracellular pathogen infection.Innate immunity · 2018Review
- IL-33 receptor (ST2) deficiency downregulates myeloid precursors, inflammatory NK and dendritic cells in early phase of sepsis.Journal of biomedical science · 2018Article
- Natural Killer Cell Assessment in Peripheral Circulation and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid of Patients with Severe Sepsis: A Case Control Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Article
- NK cells require IL-28R for optimal in vivo activity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2015Article
- The role of the liver in sepsis.International reviews of immunologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacterial sepsis and septic shock are complex inflammatory disorders associated with a systemic inflammatory response syndrome. In the most severe cases of infection, an overzealous release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators by activated leukocytes, epithelial cells and endothelial cells, known as a 'cytokine storm', leads to deleterious effects such as organ dysfunction and even death. By the end of the 20th century, natural killer (NK) cells were for the first time identified as important players during sepsis. The role of this cell type was, however, double-edged, either 'angel' or 'devil' depending upon the bacterial infection model under study. Bacterial sensors (such as Toll-like receptors) have recently been shown to be expressed at the protein level in these cells. In addition, NK cells are important sources of interferon-γ and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, which are pro-inflammatory cytokines necessary to fight infection but can contribute to deleterious inflammation as well. Interestingly, an adaptative response occurs aimed to silence them, similar to the well-known phenomenon of endotoxin reprogramming.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.