ArticlePhysiological reports2013
Insulin and GLP-1 infusions demonstrate the onset of adipose-specific insulin resistance in a large fasting mammal: potential glucogenic role for GLP-1.
Article in Physiological reports, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prolonged fasting and glucocorticoid exposure drive dynamic DNA methylation in northern elephant seals.The Journal of experimental biology · 2025Article
- How adaptive solutions from marine mammal life history could address pressing problems in reproductive biomedicine.F&S reports · 2025Article
- Oxylipin responses to fasting and insulin infusion in a large mammalian model of fasting-induced insulin resistance, the northern elephant seal.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2021Article
- Metabolic response of dolphins to short-term fasting reveals physiological changes that differ from the traditional fasting model.The Journal of experimental biology · 2021Article
- Exogenous GLP-1 stimulates TCA cycle and suppresses gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis in late-fasted northern elephant seals pups.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2021Article
- Partial Body Mass Recovery After Caloric Restriction Abolishes Improved Glucose Tolerance in Obese, Insulin Resistant Rats.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Article
- Article
- Adipose transcriptome analysis provides novel insights into molecular regulation of prolonged fasting in northern elephant seal pups.Physiological genomics · 2018Article
- Adult male northern elephant seals maintain high rates of glucose production during extended breeding fasts.Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology · 2017Article
- Increased sensitivity of thyroid hormone-mediated signaling despite prolonged fasting.General and comparative endocrinology · 2017Article
- Insulin induces a shift in lipid and primary carbon metabolites in a model of fasting-induced insulin resistance.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2017Article
- Thyroid hormone-stimulated increases in PGC-1α and UCP2 promote life history-specific endocrine changes and maintain a lipid-based metabolism.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2017Article
- Glucose delays the insulin-induced increase in thyroid hormone-mediated signaling in adipose of prolong-fasted elephant seal pups.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2016Article
- Adiposity and fat metabolism in lactating and fasting northern elephant seals.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2014Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Prolonged food deprivation increases lipid oxidation and utilization, which may contribute to the onset of the insulin resistance associated with fasting. Because insulin resistance promotes the preservation of glucose and oxidation of fat, it has been suggested to be an adaptive response to food deprivation. However, fasting mammals exhibit hypoinsulinemia, suggesting that the insulin resistance-like conditions they experience may actually result from reduced pancreatic sensitivity to glucose/capacity to secrete insulin. To determine whether fasting results in insulin resistance or in pancreatic dysfunction, we infused early- and late-fasted seals (naturally adapted to prolonged fasting) with insulin (0.065 U/kg), and a separate group of late-fasted seals with low (10 pM/kg) or high (100 pM/kg) dosages of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) immediately following a glucose bolus (0.5g/kg), and measured the systemic and cellular responses. Because GLP-1 facilitates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, these infusions provide a method to assess pancreatic insulin-secreting capacity. Insulin infusions increased the phosphorylation of insulin receptor and Akt in adipose and muscle of early and late fasted seals; however the timing of the signaling response was blunted in adipose of late fasted seals. Despite the dose-dependent increases in insulin and increased glucose clearance (high dose), both GLP-1 dosages produced increases in plasma cortisol and glucagon, which may have contributed to the glucogenic role of GLP-1. Results suggest that fasting induces adipose-specific insulin resistance in elephant seal pups, while maintaining skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity, and therefore suggests that the onset of insulin resistance in fasting mammals is an evolved response to cope with prolonged food deprivation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.