ArticleJournal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine2013
Sleep symptoms, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic position.
Article in Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 185 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
185 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of acculturation and sleep health among adult immigrants in the United States.Sleep health · 2023Pooled it
- Association between periodontal disease and non-apnea sleep disorder: a systematic review.Clinical oral investigations · 2020Pooled it
- Effects of vitamin D and/or calcium intervention on sleep quality in individuals with prediabetes: a post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial.European journal of nutrition · 2024Trial
- Comparative feasibility and preliminary efficacy of CBT for insomnia among adults seeking and not seeking addiction treatment.Journal of sleep research · 2024Trial
- Psychological Distress Mediates the Association between Food Insecurity and Suboptimal Sleep Quality in Latinos with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.The Journal of nutrition · 2016Trial
- Effect of exercise and cognitive activity on self-reported sleep quality in community-dwelling older adults with cognitive complaints: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2014Trial
- Association Between Sleep Debt and Mental Well-Being in School-Aged Children and Adolescents in China: A Multi-Province, Cross-Sectional, Observational Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Associations of cannabis, alcohol, and tobacco use combinations with sleep health.Addictive behaviors reports · 2026Article
- Decomposition of racial and ethnic disparities in sleep health among US adults, NHANES from 2005-2008 and 2015-2018.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Hypertension and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Sleep Outcomes among Adults in the 2011-2023 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.American journal of hypertension · 2026Article
- Racial Differences in Self-Reported Sleep Continuity Disturbance, Problem Endorsement, and Daytime Dysfunction Among Black and White Non-Hispanic Adults in the United States.Nature and science of sleep · 2026Article
- Discrimination in Middle Eastern and North African Americans predicts Worse Mental Health as Mediated by Sleep.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- The Global Socioeconomic Burden of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Comprehensive Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Neighborhood social vulnerability as a mediator of racial disparities in insomnia severity.Sleep health · 2025Article
- Racial and ethnic disparities in the perceived neighborhood walking environment and self-reported sleep health: A nationally representative sample of the United States.Sleep health · 2025Article
- Mood and sleep in young adults with type 1 diabetes.Journal of pediatric psychology · 2025Article
- What are the important risk factors for excessive daytime sleepiness in a population-based cohort?Journal of sleep research · 2025Article
- Prevalence of and Sex-Related Differences in Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Adolescents and Young Adults with Malocclusion.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Perspectives regarding consumer sleep technology and barriers to its use or adoption among adults in the United States.Sleep medicine · 2025Article
- Disparities in objective sleep measures among individuals who have undergone polysomnographic studies.Frontiers in sleep · 2025Article
125 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesGrowing evidence indicates sleep is a major public health issue. Race/ethnicity and socioeconomics may contribute to sleep problems. This study assessed whether sleep symptoms were more prevalent among minorities and/or the socioeconomically disadvantaged.
designCross-sectional.
settingEpidemiologic survey. PATIENTS OR
participants2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (N = 4,081).
interventionsNone. MEASUREMENTS AND
resultsSociodemographics included age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, and immigration. Socioeconomics included poverty, education, private insurance, and food insecurity. Sleep symptoms assessed were sleep latency > 30 min, difficulty falling asleep, sleep maintenance difficulties, early morning awakenings, non-restorative sleep, daytime sleepiness, snorting/gasping, and snoring. Decreased reported problems for most symptoms were found among minorities, immigrants, and lower education levels. In general, in fully adjusted models, long sleep latency was associated with female gender, being black/African American, lower education attainment, no private insurance, and food insecurity. Difficulty falling asleep, sleep maintenance difficulties, early morning awakenings, and non-restorative sleep were also associated with female gender and food insecurity. Daytime sleepiness was seen in female and divorced respondents. Snorting/gasping was more prevalent among male, other-Hispanic/Latino, and 9(th)- to 11(th)-grade-level respondents. Snoring was prevalent among male, other-Hispanic/Latino, less-educated, and food-insecure respondents.
conclusionsSleep symptoms were associated with multiple sociodemographic and economic factors, though these relationships differed by predictor and sleep outcome. Also, reports depended on question wording.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.