ArticleJournal of neuroimmunology2013
IL-21 optimizes T cell and humoral responses in the central nervous system during viral encephalitis.
Article in Journal of neuroimmunology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- New developments implicating IL-21 in autoimmune disease.Journal of autoimmunity · 2021Review
- Article
- IL-21 in Homeostasis of Resident Memory and Exhausted CD8 T Cells during Persistent Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- IL-21 from high-affinity CD4 T cells drives differentiation of brain-resident CD8 T cells during persistent viral infection.Science immunology · 2020Article
- Review
- Central Nervous System Inflammatory Aggregates in the Theiler's Virus Model of Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Protective Humoral Immunity in the Central Nervous System Requires Peripheral CD19-Dependent Germinal Center Formation following Coronavirus Encephalomyelitis.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Activated GL7Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2017Article
- Neuroinflammation and Infection: Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Dysfunction of Neurovascular Unit.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2017Review
- CXCL13 promotes isotype-switched B cell accumulation to the central nervous system during viral encephalomyelitis.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2016Article
- Immune Surveillance of the CNS following Infection and Injury.Trends in immunology · 2015Review
- Myd88 Initiates Early Innate Immune Responses and Promotes CD4 T Cells during Coronavirus Encephalomyelitis.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- Disruption of IL-21 signaling affects T cell-B cell interactions and abrogates protective humoral immunity to malaria.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
- Infiltrating regulatory B cells control neuroinflammation following viral brain infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Article
- PKR mediated regulation of inflammation and IL-10 during viral encephalomyelitis.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Acute coronavirus encephalomyelitis is controlled by T cells while humoral responses suppress virus persistence. This study defines the contribution of interleukin (IL)-21, a regulator of T and B cell function, to central nervous system (CNS) immunity. IL-21 receptor deficiency did not affect peripheral T cell activation or trafficking, but dampened granzyme B, gamma interferon and IL-10 expression by CNS T cells and reduced serum and intrathecal humoral responses. Viral control was already lost prior to humoral CNS responses, but demyelination remained comparable. These data demonstrate a critical role of IL-21 in regulating CNS immunity, sustaining viral persistence and preventing mortality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.