ReviewCurrent medicinal chemistry2014
Histopathological determinants of tumor resistance: a special look to the immunohistochemical expression of carbonic anhydrase IX in human cancers.
Review in Current medicinal chemistry, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- CBX6 and CA9 as predictive indicators and therapeutic targets in GBM.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Structure-based redesign enables clinical translation of CAIX-targeted theranostics in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Lactylation-mediated miRNA regulation in cancer therapy resistance.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
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- Article
- Terminators or Guardians? Design, Synthesis, and Cytotoxicity Profiling of Chalcone-Sulfonamide Hybrids.ACS omega · 2023Article
- Carbonic Anhydrase IX in Tumor Tissue and Plasma of Breast Cancer Patients: Reliable Biomarker of Hypoxia and Prognosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Suppression of Tumor Growth and Cell Migration by Indole-Based Benzenesulfonamides and Their Synergistic Effects in Combination with Doxorubicin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- The complex relationship between multiple drug resistance and the tumor pH gradient: a review.Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.) · 2022Review
- Influence of Paclitaxel and Doxorubicin Therapy of ßIII-Tubulin, Carbonic Anhydrase IX, and Survivin in Chemically Induced Breast Cancer in Female Rat.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Intrinsically disordered features of carbonic anhydrase IX proteoglycan-like domain.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Review
- Tissue Expression of Carbonic Anhydrase IX Correlates to More Aggressive Phenotype of Basal Cell Carcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Revealing membrane alteration in cellsoverexpressing CA IX and EGFR by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Biochemical, biophysical and molecular dynamics studies on the proteoglycan-like domain of carbonic anhydrase IX.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2018Article
- The Promise of Novel Biomarkers for Head and Neck Cancer from an Imaging Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Acetazolamide potentiates the anti-tumor potential of HDACi, MS-275, in neuroblastoma.BMC cancer · 2017Article
- FKBP51 Immunohistochemical Expression: A New Prognostic Biomarker for OSCC?International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Article
- Cancer initiating-cells are enriched in the CA9 positive fraction of primary cervix cancer xenografts.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Article
- Binding of carbonic anhydrase IX to 45S rDNA genes is prevented by exportin-1 in hypoxic cells.BioMed research international · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Intrinsic and acquired drug resistance of tumor cells still causes the failure of treatment regimens in advanced human cancers. It may be driven by intrinsic tumor cells features, or may also arise from micro environmental influences. Hypoxia is a microenvironment feature associated with the aggressiveness and metastasizing ability of human solid cancers. Hypoxic cancer cells overexpress Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CA IX). CA IX ensures a favorable tumor intracellular pH, while contributing to stromal acidosis, which facilitates tumor invasion and metastasis. The overexpression of CA IX is considered an epiphenomenon of the presence of hypoxic, aggressive tumor cells. Recently, a relationship between CA IX overexpression and the cancer stem cells (CSCs) population has been hypothesized. CSCs are strictly regulated by tumor hypoxia and drive a major non-mutational mechanism of cancer drug-resistance. We reviewed the current data concerning the role of CA IX overexpression in human malignancies, extending such information to the expression of the stem cells markers CD44 and nestin in solid cancers, to explore their relationship with the biological behavior of tumors. CA IX is heavily expressed in advanced tumors. A positive trend of correlation between CA IX overexpression, tumor stage/grade and poor outcome emerged. Moreover, stromal CA IX expression was associated with adverse events occurrence, maybe signaling the direct action of CA IX in directing the mesenchymal changes that favor tumor invasion; in addition, membranous/cytoplasmic co-overexpression of CA IX and stem cells markers were found in several aggressive tumors. This suggests that CA IX targeting could indirectly deplete CSCs and counteract resistance of solid cancers in the clinical setting.
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