ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2014
Human milk oligosaccharides protect bladder epithelial cells against uropathogenic Escherichia coli invasion and cytotoxicity.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Human milk oligosaccharides in premature infants: absorption, excretion, and influence on the intestinal microbiota.Pediatric research · 2015Trial
- Human Milk Oligosaccharides: Shaping the Anti-Infective Status in Infancy.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Selective Human-Milk-Inspired Antimicrobial Peptides for the Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Human milk oligosaccharide secretion dynamics during breastfeeding and its antimicrobial role: A systematic review.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2025Article
- Impact ofNutrients · 2024Review
- Probiotics in the New Era of Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs): HMO Utilization and Beneficial Effects ofMicroorganisms · 2024Review
- Label-Free Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Quantitation of RelativeInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Importance of human milk for infants in the clinical setting: Updates and mechanistic links.Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · 2023Review
- Necrotizing enterocolitis: recent advances in treatment with translational potential.Pediatric surgery international · 2023Review
- Beneficial role of skim milk against drug-resistantNew microbes and new infections · 2022Article
- Human Milk Oligosaccharides Reduce Murine Group BmSphere · 2022Article
- The Diverse Antimicrobial Activities of Human Milk Oligosaccharides against Group B Streptococcus.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2022Review
- Emerging Role of Microbiome in the Prevention of Urinary Tract Infections in Children.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Synthesis as an Expanding Resource in Human Milk Science.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2021Review
- Breast Milk: A Source of Functional Compounds with Potential Application in Nutrition and Therapy.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Human Milk Oligosaccharides: Their Effects on the Host and Their Potential as Therapeutic Agents.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Review
- Review
- Human Milk Oligosaccharides Modulate the Risk for Preterm Birth in a Microbiome-Dependent and -Independent Manner.mSystems · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The invasive pathogen uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the primary cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Recurrent infection that can progress to life-threatening renal failure has remained as a serious global health concern in infants. UPEC adheres to and invades bladder epithelial cells to establish infection. Studies have detected the presence of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) in urine of breast-fed, but not formula-fed, neonates. We investigated the mechanisms HMOs deploy to elicit protection in human bladder epithelial cells infected with UPEC CFT073, a prototypic urosepsis-associated strain. We found a significant reduction in UPEC internalization into HMO-pretreated epithelial cells without observing any significant effect in UPEC binding to these cells. This event coincides with a rapid decrease in host cell cytotoxicity, recognized by LIVE/DEAD staining and cell detachment, but independent of caspase-mediated or mitochondrial-mediated programmed cell death pathways. Further investigation revealed HMOs, and particularly the sialic acid-containing fraction, reduced UPEC-mediated MAPK and NF-κB activation. Collectively, our results indicate that HMOs can protect bladder epithelial cells from deleterious cytotoxic and proinflammatory effects of UPEC infection, and may be one contributing mechanism underlying the epidemiological evidence of reduced UTI incidence in breast-fed infants.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.