ArticleTherapeutic advances in psychopharmacology2011
Increased use of antipsychotic long-acting injections with community treatment orders.
Article in Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Immigrant, racialised and ethno-culturally diverse communities and community treatment orders: A scoping review.The International journal of social psychiatry · 2025Article
- Ethnic disparities, clinical and pathways to care characteristics associated with the offer, uptake, and type of psychological therapy during first-episode psychosis: examining the role of early intervention for psychosis.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- The knowledge and attitudes of psychiatrists toward antipsychotic long-acting injections in Turkiye.Dusunen adam : Bakirkoy Ruh ve Sinir Hastaliklari Hastanesi yayin organi · 2025Article
- Benefits following community treatment orders have an inverse relationship with rates of use: meta-analysis and meta-regression.BJPsych open · 2023Review
- Where next for understanding race/ethnic inequalities in severe mental illness? Structural, interpersonal and institutional racism.Sociology of health & illness · 2020Article
- Factors influencing use of community treatment orders and quality of care that people receive: results of a national survey in England and Wales.BJPsych bulletin · 2019Article
- Community Treatment Orders and Other Forms of Mandatory Outpatient Treatment.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2019Article
- Ethnic minority inequalities in access to treatments for schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders: findings from a nationally representative cross-sectional study.BMC medicine · 2018Article
- Patients on outpatient commitment orders in Northern Norway.BMC psychiatry · 2017Article
- Predictors of long-term (≥6months) antipsychotic polypharmacy prescribing in secondary mental healthcare.Schizophrenia research · 2016Article
- Nonadherence with antipsychotic medication in schizophrenia: challenges and management strategies.Patient related outcome measures · 2014Review
- Managing non-adherence and the 3 Cs: collaboration, cash and coercion.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2013Article
- The knowledge and attitudes of psychiatrists towards antipsychotic long-acting injections in Nigeria.Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCommunity treatment orders (CTOs) are increasingly being used, despite a weak evidence base, and problems continue regarding Second Opinion Appointed Doctor (SOAD) certification of medication.
aimsThe aim of the current study was to describe current CTO usage regarding patient characteristics, prescribed medication and CTO conditions.
methodA 1-year prospective cohort study with consecutive sampling was conducted for all patients whose CTO was registered in a large mental health trust. Only the first CTO for each patient was included. Measures included sociodemographic variables, psychiatric diagnosis, CTO date of initiation and conditions, psychotropic medication and date of SOAD certification for medication. This study was conducted in the first year of CTO legislation in England and Wales.
resultsA total of195 patients were sampled (mean age 40.6 years, 65% male, 52% black ethnic origin). There was significant geographical variability in rates of CTO use (χ(2) = 11.3, p = 0.012). A total of 53% had their place of residence specified as a condition and 29% were required to allow access into their homes. Of those with schizophrenia, 64% were prescribed an antipsychotic long-acting injection (LAI). Of the total group, 7% received high-dose antipsychotics, 10% were prescribed two antipsychotics and only 15% received SOAD certification in time.
conclusionsThere was geographical and ethnic variation in CTO use but higher rates of hospital detention in minority ethnic groups may be contributory. Most patients were prescribed antipsychotic LAIs and CTO conditions may not follow the least restrictive principle.
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