Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23983069›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of comparative neurology2014

Protracted maturation of forebrain afferent connections of the ventral tegmental area in the rat.

Leora Yetnikoff, Rhett A Reichard, Zachary M Schwartz, Kenneth P Parsely, Daniel S Zahm

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of comparative neurology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Effects of early life stress on amygdala and striatal development.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2016
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  18. Amphetamine in adolescence disrupts the development of medial prefrontal cortex dopamine connectivity in a DCC-dependent manner.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2015
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Leora YetnikoffDepartment of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, 63104.
Rhett A Reichard
Zachary M Schwartz
Kenneth P Parsely
Daniel S Zahm
Saint Louis University · US

Funding

CONVERGENT VS.PARALLEL STRIATAL DOPAMINERGIC AFFERENTSR01NS023805 · NINDS · SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY · PI ZAHM, DANIEL S · 1986 to 2017
$4.3M
NINDS NIH HHS NS-23805NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS023805
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The mesocorticolimbic dopamine system has long attracted the interest of researchers concerned with the unique gamut of behavioral and mental health vulnerabilities associated with adolescence. Accordingly, the development of the mesocorticolimbic system has been studied extensively, but almost exclusively with regard to dopaminergic output, particularly in the nucleus accumbens and medial prefrontal cortex. To the contrary, the ontogeny of inputs to the ventral tegmental area (VTA), the source of mesocorticolimbic dopamine, has been neglected. This is not a trivial oversight, as the activity of VTA neurons, which reflects their capacity to transmit information about salient events, is sensitively modulated by inputs. Here, we assessed the development of VTA afferent connections using the β subunit of cholera toxin (Ctβ) as a retrograde axonal tracer in adolescent (postnatal day 39) and early adult (8-9-week-old) rats. After intra-VTA injections of Ctβ, adolescent and early adult animals exhibited qualitatively similar distributions of retrogradely labeled neurons in the sense that VTA-projecting neurons were present at all of the same rostrocaudal levels in all of the same structures in both age groups. However, quantitation of retrogradely labeled neurons revealed that adolescent brains, compared with early adult brains, had significantly fewer VTA-projecting neurons preferentially within an interconnected network of cortical and striatopallidal forebrain structures. These findings provide a novel perspective on the development of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system and may have important implications for age-dependent specificity in the function of this system, particularly with regard to adolescent impulsivity and mental health vulnerabilities.

Indexed as

Afferent PathwaysAge FactorsAnimalsAnimals, NewbornCell CountCholera ToxinIontophoresisMaleNeuronsNucleus AccumbensProsencephalonRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyVentral Tegmental AreaCholera Toxinadolescencebasal forebraindevelopmentdopaminemedial prefrontal cortexnucleus accumbens

Identifiers

PMID23983069
PMCPMC4217282
OpenAlexW1578486795

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.