ReviewBritish journal of pharmacology2014
Pharmacogenomics, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: interaction with biological differences between men and women.
Review in British journal of pharmacology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 106 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
106 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- PCSK9 inhibitors and inclisiran with or without statin therapy on incident muscle symptoms and creatine kinase: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Sex Differences in the Risk of Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions Induced by Antiseizure Medications: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.CNS drugs · 2021Pooled it
- Medication Adherence After Acute Coronary Syndrome in Women Compared With Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in global women's health · 2021Pooled it
- Sex differences in the response to opioids for pain relief: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Pharmacological research · 2019Pooled it
- Sex-Related Differences in Impact on Safety of Pharmacogenetic Profile for Colon Cancer Patients Treated with FOLFOX-4 or XELOX Adjuvant Chemotherapy.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- Gene expression changes by high-polyphenols cocoa powder intake: a randomized crossover clinical study.European journal of nutrition · 2019Trial
- Sex differences in cardiovascular‑kidney‑metabolic syndrome: From pathogenesis to treatment response (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Antinociceptive Effect and Hyperalgesia of Fentanyl and Its Analogues.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Age and Gender Heterogeneity in Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with Hemp Use: Evidence from the FDA Pharmacovigilance Data in the Last Two Decades.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2026Article
- Pharmacogenomics testing to optimize medical countermeasures against chemical warfare agents and bacterial biothreats in military settings.Journal of military, veteran and family health · 2026Article
- Global pharmacovigilance analysis of antimicrobials used in periodontal therapy: safety profiles of minocycline, doxycycline, and chlorhexidine.Head & face medicine · 2026Article
- Prevalence of polypharmacy and drug interactions in geriatric patients: A cross-sectional study from India.PloS one · 2026Article
- Identification of potentially inappropriate medications characteristic of older individuals with diabetes: a study using pharmacy claims data.Journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences · 2025Article
- Beyond one-size-fits-all: addressing sex differences and promoting inclusive leadership in cardiovascular research and healthcare.BMC medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Toward Sex-Specific Biomaterials Innovation: A Perspective.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2025Review
- Associations of potentially inappropriate medications in older adults with mortality and hospitalizations: methodological challenges in pharmacoepidemiology.European journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Evidence of Sex-Related Pharmacodynamic Differences in Photosensitive Epilepsy Treated with Valproate: Findings from a Retrospective, Observational, Single-Center, Within-Patient, Cohort Study.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2025Article
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor-Associated Intracranial Hemorrhage: Drug-Specific Risk Patterns and Patient-Level Modifiers.Neurology international · 2025Article
- Lymphopenia associated with sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulators (S1PRMs) in multiple sclerosis: analysis of European pharmacovigilance data.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2025Article
46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pharmacological response depends on multiple factors and one of them is sex-gender. Data on the specific effects of sex-gender on pharmacokinetics, as well as the safety and efficacy of numerous medications, are beginning to emerge. Nevertheless, the recruitment of women for clinical research is inadequate, especially during the first phases. In general, pharmacokinetic differences between males and females are more numerous and consistent than disparities in pharmacodynamics. However, sex-gender pharmacodynamic differences are now increasingly being identified at the molecular level. It is now even becoming apparent that sex-gender influences pharmacogenomics and pharmacogenetics. Sex-related differences have been reported for several parameters, and it is consistently shown that women have a worse safety profile, with drug adverse reactions being more frequent and severe in women than in men. Overall, the pharmacological status of women is less well studied than that of men and deserves much more attention. The design of clinical and preclinical studies should have a sex-gender-based approach with the aim of tailoring therapies to an individual's needs and concerns.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.