ArticleHuman cell2013
Down-regulation of HAI-1 is associated with poor-differentiation status of colorectal cancer.
Article in Human cell, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of HAI-1 in urothelial bladder cancer: Tissue expression, ectodomain shedding and clinical outcomes.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Membrane-Anchored Serine Protease Inhibitors: Physiological Functions, Mechanisms, and Roles in Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Promoter Hypomethylation Is Responsible for Upregulated Expression of HAI-1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Disease markers · 2019Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type 1 (HAI-1) is a Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor which is widely expressed in epithelial cells. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between HAI-1 expression and differentiation status of colorectal epithelia. The expression of HAI-1 in clinical samples of both cancerous and normal colorectal tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. An in vitro epithelial differentiation model of Caco-2 cell was established, and the characteristics of differentiation of Caco-2 cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The expression of HAI-1 in Caco-2 cells at different differentiation stages was examined by western blot. Immunohistochemical staining of 52 human colorectal cancer tissues showed a definite correlation between HAI-1 expression and differentiation status: IHC score (mean ± SE) of HAI-1 was higher for well- or moderately-differentiated colorectal cancer tissues than for poorly-differentiated colorectal cancer tissues, with significant differences in HAI-1 positive rate (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05 for well-differentiated vs. poorly-differentiated and moderately-differentiated vs. poorly-differentiated, respectively). Immunohistochemical staining of normal colorectal tissues showed positive HAI-1 expression in well-differentiated epithelial cells whereas the under-differentiated crypt cells showed very weak HAI-1 staining signals. The result of western blot also showed the gradual increasing of HAI-1 expression during the process of Caco-2 differentiation in vitro. HAI-1 expression correlates with the differentiation status of colorectal epithelia and could serve as a differentiation marker.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.