ArticlePloS one2013
The effect of dexamethasone and triiodothyronine on terminal differentiation of primary bovine chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiated mesenchymal stem cells.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of diabetes on patients undergoing total ankle arthroplasty: a meta-analysis and systematic review.Endocrine journal · 2025Pooled it
- Viscoelastic recovery time of chondrocytes from monolayer and alginate cultures.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A nosographic and etiopathogenetic framework for subchondral bone marrow lesions in the knee: A narrative review.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2025Article
- Association between pyrethroid exposure and osteoarthritis: a national population-based cross-sectional study in the US.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Glucocorticoid Effects on Proteoglycans and Glycosaminoglycans.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- An Update on Applications of Cattle Mesenchymal Stromal Cells.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Metabolomic Profiling and Mechanotransduction of Single Chondrocytes Encapsulated in Alginate Microgels.Cells · 2022Article
- Chitosan/Pluronic F127 Thermosensitive Hydrogel as an Injectable Dexamethasone Delivery Carrier.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Muscle Atrophy Marker Expression Differs between Rotary Cell Culture System and Animal Studies.BioMed research international · 2019Article
- Human Engineered Cartilage and Decellularized Matrix as an Alternative to Animal Osteoarthritis Model.Polymers · 2018Article
- Impact of dexamethasone concentration on cartilage tissue formation from human synovial derived stem cells in vitro.Cytotechnology · 2018Article
- Osthole Promotes Endochondral Ossification and Accelerates Fracture Healing in Mice.Calcified tissue international · 2016Article
- Role of Thyroid Hormones in Skeletal Development and Bone Maintenance.Endocrine reviews · 2016Review
- Thyroid hormones enhance the biomechanical functionality of scaffold-free neocartilage.Arthritis research & therapy · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The newly evolved field of regenerative medicine is offering solutions in the treatment of bone or cartilage loss and deficiency. Mesenchymal stem cells, as well as articular chondrocytes, are potential cells for the generation of bone or cartilage. The natural mechanism of bone formation is that of endochondral ossification, regulated, among other factors, through the hormones dexamethasone and triiodothyronine. We investigated the effects of these hormones on articular chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiated mesenchymal stem cells, hypothesizing that these hormones would induce terminal differentiation, with chondrocytes and differentiated stem cells being similar in their response. Using a 3D-alginate cell culture model, bovine chondrocytes and chondrogenically differentiated stem cells were cultured in presence of triiodothyronine or dexamethasone, and cell proliferation and extracellular matrix production were investigated. Collagen mRNA expression was measured by real-time PCR. Col X mRNA and alkaline phosphatase were monitored as markers of terminal differentiation, a prerequisite of endochondral ossification. The alginate culture system worked well, both for the culture of chondrocytes and for the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Dexamethasone led to an increase in glycosaminoglycan production. Triiodothyronine increased the total collagen production only in chondrocytes, where it also induced signs of terminal differentiation, increasing both collagen X mRNA and alkaline phosphatase activity. Dexamethasone induced terminal differentiation in the differentiated stem cells. The immature articular chondrocytes used in this study seem to be able to undergo terminal differentiation, pointing to their possible role in the onset of degenerative osteoarthritis, as well as their potential for a cell source in bone tissue engineering. When chondrocyte-like cells, after their differentiation, can indeed be moved on towards terminal differentiation, they can be used to generate a model of endochondral ossification, but this limitation must be kept in mind when using them in cartilage tissue engineering application.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.