ArticlePloS one2013
Genome sequencing and analysis of BCG vaccine strains.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Screening and in silico evaluation of candidate late-stage antigens for incorporation into multi-stage and post-exposure vaccines against tuberculosis.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Enhanced immunogenicity in mouse by recombinant BCG prime and protein boost based on latency antigen Rv1733c and/or reactivation antigen RpfE.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Recombinant BCG Expressing IL-12 as A Novel Immunomodulatory Strategy for Allergic Asthma: Opportunities and Challenges.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) prostato-epididymitis in a patient treated for a non-invasive urothelial cancer: A case report.IDCases · 2024Article
- The Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome at 25 years: lessons and lingering questions.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Review
- Multi-epitope vaccine against drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a proteome-wide subtraction and immunoinformatics approach.Genomics & informatics · 2023Article
- Spotlight on mycobacterial lipid exploitation using nanotechnology for diagnosis, vaccines, and treatments.Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine · 2023Review
- Genomic characteristics of two most widely used BCG vaccine strains: Danish 1331 and Pasteur 1173P2.BMC genomics · 2022Article
- Review
- Screening Repurposed Antiviral Small Molecules as Antimycobacterial Compounds by a Lux-Based phoP Promoter-Reporter Platform.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis are resistant to acute disease caused by secondary infection with SARS-CoV-2.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- BCG Moreau Polish Substrain Infections in Patients With Inborn Errors of Immunity: 40 Years of Experience in the Department of Immunology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Towards Reverse Vaccinology for Bovine TB: High Throughput Expression of Full Length RecombinantFrontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Article
- Article
- Progressive Host-Directed Strategies to Potentiate BCG Vaccination Against Tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Intravesical High Dose BCG Tokyo and Low Dose BCG Tokyo withBiomedicines · 2021Article
- Mice infected withbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2021Article
- Efficacy of BCG Vaccination Depends on Host Genetics.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2021Article
- Pan and Core Genome Analysis of 183Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Does the BCG vaccine have different effects on strains of tuberculosis?Clinical and experimental immunology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine against tuberculosis (TB) has been available for more than 75 years, one third of the world's population is still infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and approximately 2 million people die of TB every year. To reduce this immense TB burden, a clearer understanding of the functional genes underlying the action of BCG and the development of new vaccines are urgently needed. METHODS AND
findingsComparative genomic analysis of 19 M. tuberculosis complex strains showed that BCG strains underwent repeated human manipulation, had higher region of deletion rates than those of natural M. tuberculosis strains, and lost several essential components such as T-cell epitopes. A total of 188 BCG strain T-cell epitopes were lost to various degrees. The non-virulent BCG Tokyo strain, which has the largest number of T-cell epitopes (359), lost 124. Here we propose that BCG strain protection variability results from different epitopes. This study is the first to present BCG as a model organism for genetics research. BCG strains have a very well-documented history and now detailed genome information. Genome comparison revealed the selection process of BCG strains under human manipulation (1908-1966).
conclusionsOur results revealed the cause of BCG vaccine strain protection variability at the genome level and supported the hypothesis that the restoration of lost BCG Tokyo epitopes is a useful future vaccine development strategy. Furthermore, these detailed BCG vaccine genome investigation results will be useful in microbial genetics, microbial engineering and other research fields.
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